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RCgothic

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Posts posted by RCgothic

  1. 23 hours ago, intelliCom said:

    Well, anyone with little knowledge on the subject would think that it really is 'peak NASA' with all of this marketing fluff about it being the "most powerful rocket ever built".

    I'm pretty sure it having the greatest thrust out of any rocket isn't out of the question; but its payload to LEO is somehow less than Starship and Saturn V. Curious...

    SLS isn't the most powerful rocket ever built - Superheavy is.

    It isn't the most powerful rocket ever stacked - Starship Superheavy is.

    It isn't the most powerful rocket ever fired - Superheavy is.

    It won't be the most powerful rocket ever fired at full thrust - N1 is.

    It won't be the most powerful rocket ever launched - N1 is.

    It may, briefly, be the most powerful rocket ever to reach orbit.

    But only if you don't define power by payload to orbit - in which case Saturn V is.

    Sure, SLS is one of the most thrusty rockets ever built. But it's quite inefficient with that thrust. Most of the propellant is low-ISP SRBs with heavy casings, and the core stage is an enormously heavy sustainer architecture. Thrust doesn't directly feature in the rocket equation. Only ISP and mass ratio are of primary importance.

  2. Ultimately it's about conservation of momentum whilst minimising turbulent flow.

    When an aerofoil has a positive angle of attack, air molecules collisions with the underside are increased (as is pressure), accelerating the flow downwards.

    On the upperside the surface falls away from the air molecules, and collisions (and pressure) are reduced. The random motion of gas molecules causes the gas to move into the vacated area, and again the flow is accelerated downwards.

    Whether you view the lift as arising from the difference in pressure between the two surfaces or equal to the impulse imparted to the gas, it's just conservation of momentum. The gas is forced down (and a little bit forward - drag), the plane is pushed up (and back).

    The different shapes of aerofoils are all about keeping the flow attached to the aerofoil predictably and avoiding turbulence, which moves the air molecules more than necessary  and so robs additional forward momentum from the aerofoil (drag), but also disorganises the flow such that the average deflection of air is less (lift reduces).

    How much the flow is diverted by an aerofoil is a function of angle of attack and speed, so if you vary your speed but want the same lift you also have to vary the angle of attack. But if the angle of attack is too large, the flow will detach and the wing will stall.

    Subsonic aerofoils like smooth transitions, because the gas can follow the curve of the surface.

    Supersonic aerofoils can't keep the flow attached to the upper surface, so they're always going to get drag and turbulence because of that. Instead they design around minimising transitions. Supersonic aerofoils don't like transitions, because the upstream flow can't see them coming and so each transition generates a shockwave, and shockwaves sap energy. A curve is effectively a series of infitinte transitions, so that's bad. Supersonic aerofoils are therefore sharp and flat with a minimum of transitions.

    Also, in an atmosphere everything is an aerofoil. A brick is an aerofoil. This is where body lift comes from. It's not as efficient as a well designed aerofoil though, and tends to come with a lot of drag.

    The only objects that don't produce at least some lift are balls and cylinders perpendicular to the flow because they can't vary their angle of attack. But even these can induce lift if spinning and moving in an airflow. Friction accelerates the boundary flow in one direction and decelerates it in another, which changes the exit angle of the airflow just like an aerofoil. This is called the magnus effect, and it's how sports balls are made to curve through the air among other effects.

    I think you've basically got all of this down already, sounds like your understanding is pretty good.

  3. Even if Artemis I launches this year, it's only as a test vehicle. The next launch is likely late 2024 or early 2025.

    The falcon family is on track to launch 60+ times this year, likely more next year, likely more the next. If Artemis I launches this window I wouldn't bet against 100-200 falcon flights before the next one.

    There's a good chance Starship will  fly 20 times by the next SLS launch, and a good chance Vulcan will have 10 flights by then.

    Credible lunar programmes can be built around these vehicles.

    Why should the programme be limited by SLS/Orion's meagre cadence?

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