Problem is persisting. Apologies for the aggressiveness; it was a rough day, and not being able to play Kerbal Space Program to alleviate some of the stress sent me over. Unfortunately, logs are out of the question, as the first thing I tried was a full re-installation. Verifying game cache has yielded no results, and I can't find a way to launch the game from a different directory without moving my entire library of games.
Fortunately, however, I do have a cloud backup of saves, and an external HD of mods.
(Also, I was on 1.4.4 when it auto-updated to 1.6.1, presumably for the new Breaking Ground DLC launch.