I recently upgraded my cpu from 5900x to 7800x3d, I built a 300 parts rocket for stress testing.
GPU: 4090 Graphic settings 4k max
I found 7800x3d about 20% - 50% faster compared to 5900x all the time (both with reasonable pbo overclocking)
Before lunch: 43fps vs 28fps
during lunch: 22 fps vs 18
into cloud: 25fps vs 21fps
into space: 33fps vs 25fps
I don't have 12th or 13th intel cpu for comparison but I feel the gain was brought by raw IPC improvement, so 13900k might perform similar with x3d as well