I'm getting the same bug with flickering textures, the most obvious is the one in the VAB as per the screenshot in the first post, but there are other textures flickering as well, for example the exterior of the Admin building.
I'm using
Linux Ubuntu 16.04
NVIDIA GTX1070 Driver version 381.22
Default settings in nvidia-settings
KSP 1.3.0.1804 with default settings, no mods.
Default Video settings in KSP