With the end of the official sounding era in December 1955, the engineers found themselves with some free time, so they decided to make some dioramas to honor the rockets that came before. All of the sounding rockets got an "S" as a part of their name, and a number which signifies the order they were designed and intended to be launched, although this order could change after the naming was complete. Let's go over the dioramas!
S1 and S2 (shown below) were Karman Line rockets, 0.3m Aerobees. Both succeeded in their mission.
S3 and S5 (shown below) were early return missions. They are powered by the A-4 and are 1.4m. They use the science core from the above rockets. S3 had an engine failure and only hit 102km.
S4 and S6 (shown below) were 3000km downrange attempts. The first stage is powered by the XLR41 and is generally similar to the above rocket. The second stage is similar to the early Aerobees with spin stabilization added. S4 had an upper stage failure and only hit 2800km.
S7, S8, and S9 (shown below) were bio return missions. They used an upgraded Aerobee design which was 0.38m. All were successful.
S11, S12, and S14 (shown below) were film return missions. They're powered by the XLR43 and have derpy 1.8m tanks. The nosecone is hollow and obscures the film equipment, which is ejected once in space. The fins were all-moving to maintain ballistic stability after the engines shut down. A secondary mission goal of these rockets was flight testing to improve the reliability of the XLR43. Also of special note is S13 and S17, which were downrange payload missions which used a similar rocket. All were successful in their missions, but S13 had an engine failure.
S10 and S15 (shown below) were altitude payload rockets. They used an upgraded Aerobee of the 0.380m size similar to what was used for the bio returns. All were successful, but S10 had an engine failure.
S16 (shown below) was another altitude sounding mission that used a further upgraded Aerobee of the 0.420m size and the new Nike SRB. These designs would later be used for the early orbital missions. It was successful.
S18, S19, and S20 (shown below) were large sounding rockets to send Tanukis into space to determine if Kerbals could later go there. They were powered by the NAA75 and were 1.8m in size. All were successful. No Tanukis were harmed.