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Normal distribution is everywhere

Wang Yaping: The children who listened to my first space lecture become our teammates in space now. Her first lecture in space took place in 2013. 9 years is indeed enough for youngsters who were then secondary school students to become the next generation of space talents.

Of course. Especially for a space agency like CNSA, which was not even that well-funded until 2010. The rule is to meet the corresponding launch mass and different orbit. CZ-1: First rocket, retired already CZ-2: The main rocket for LEO 2A: Retired already. 2C: Deliver the 3 tons objects into LEO. 2C/SD: For the parallel connection of multiple satellites, a Smart Dispenser upper stage was installed on the secondary rocket. 2C/SM: Installed a solid motor at upper stage for HEO satellites. 2C/SMA: Improved 2C/SD's dispenser. 2D: Deliver the 4 tons objects into LEO and 1.2 tons to SSO. 2E: China's early attempts at commercial space launches. The rockets retired already. 2F: For Shenzhou's mission. Based on 2E with the addition of a redundancy system for increased security. CZ-2F/G: Removed the escape tower. It launched Tiangong-1 & 2 and 'Reusable Experimental Spacecraft' two times. Add: The CZ-2 and the DF-5 are technically homologous, and even the 2A itself is a "whitened" version of the DF-5. So technically speaking, China's most successful, reliable, and economical rocket, and China's 'nuclear stick', are relatives. The 2D, despite being classified as a CZ-2 rocket family, actually 'bleeds CZ-4 rocket blood': four YF-21B engines used in the first stage of the CZ-4A rocket + one YF-24 engine used in the second stage of the CZ-4A rocket. CZ-3: Rockets for GTO 3: retired already 3A: 2.65 tons to GTO. 3B: There are two configurations. The standard one's core stage and boosters are non-extended. 3B was retired at 2012 and the following mission was carried out by 3B/E. CZ-3B/G2: Based on the standard model, the second stage uses the engine of the CZ-2F's second stage rocket, resulting in a strengthened second stage structure. It also uses a 4m diameter fairing and has a capacity of 5.5 tons for the GTO and 3.78 tons for the TLI. And it launched Chang'e-3 in 2013 CZ-3B/G3: Based on the CZ-3/G2 with a 4.2m diameter fairing and a GTO carrying capacity of 5.4 tons. CZ-3B/G3Z: Based on the CZ/G3 and use same 4.2m diameter faring. It was fitted with an attitude control engine and the fuel tanks needed for the engine. This configuration is usually coupled with the Yuanzheng-1 upper stage. CZ-3B/YZ-1: Unlike the previous one, it didn't 'usually' use YZ-1 upper stage but always. It mainly for the launch the Beidou navigation satellites missions and can take 2.2 tons to MEO CZ-3B G5: Based on the CZ-3B/G3Z rocket, the design of the launch trajectory has been optimized with the use of a new fairing with a 900mm extension of the Raku. This configuration is capable of launching not only GEO payloads but also missions in Sun Synchronous Orbit (SSO), with a capacity of 4.5 tons for a 500 km SSO. p.s.: G stand for Chinese word '改'. And the pinyin is 'gǎi'. Means 'improvements' in English CZ-4: Rocket for SSO 4A: Prior to targeting SSO, this model was designed for launch to GSO as a target. And was already retired 4B: Compared to 4A, 4B uses a larger 3m inner diameter fairing. 3.066 tons to 500 km SSO and 2.225 to 700 km SSO 4C: Based on 4B, a restart capability has been added to the engine of the third stage rocket. It can take 3.289 tons to 500km and 2.288 to 1200 km SSO CZ-5: The first 5m diameter rocket. CZ-5: For heavy satellite platforms such as DFH-5, Lunar and future planetary exploration missions. CZ-5B: Only the boosters and core stage remain and use 20m long fairing. It's for CSS construction missions. (There are also several different configurations, but now none of them have been launched and the corresponding missions planned, except for the basic one, which is configuration B) CZ-6: Rocket for SSO and will gradually replace the CZ-3 rocket in the future: unlike the CZ-3, which uses highly toxic fuel, it uses liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen. CZ-6: 1.5 tons to 500 km and 1.0 tons to 700 km SSO 6A: The external appearance is very different from that of the CZ-6. Four sets of solid fuel boosters have been added, a YF-100 engine has been added to the first stage and the third stage has been removed. Also, unlike the CZ-6, which uses a 2.25m diameter second stage, its second stage is the same 3.35m as the core stage. Add: it's the CNSA's first rocket combined with solid engine boosters. And it can take 4 tons objects into SSO in 700 km. CZ-7: It's primarily positioned as a rocket to replace the CZ-2F which uses toxic fuel with liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen. CZ-7: Existing plans are mainly for the launch of the Tianzhou cargo ship to CSS 7A: Used to fill the gap between 5.5 and 7 tons in geosynchronous transfer orbit. The second stage rocket has been shortened from the CZ-7, reducing its mass from 106 tons to 62.2 tons. CZ-8: A new non-polluting medium-sized rocket aimed primarily at international commercial launch missions. CZ-8 = 2 sets of CZ-7's boosters + CZ-7's first stage + CZ-3A's third stage. 7.6 tons to LEO, 5 tons to SSO in 700 km and 2.5 tons to GTO CZ-8R: Reusable version CZ-8 and under development now. Frankly, as I know, there is no good or bad news recently. CZ-9: Heavy rocket. None of the options seem to be set in stone now: put it bluntly, it's not even clear that this thing will be of any use other than going to Mars. The engine it needs is now almost complete on trial and is in the optimization phase. CZ-11: It is used for the rapid mobile launch of emergency satellites to meet the launch needs of microsatellites in emergency situations such as natural disasters and emergencies. CZ-11: Based on Dongfeng 31 missile. It can deliver 700 kg to LEO and 400 kg to SSO in 700 km. 11H: Same thing but launched at sea 11A: Currently under development. It uses a 2.4m diameter solid motor to replace the CZ-11's 2m one. The goal is can take 2 tons objects into LEO

The original one is 'lighting', and in Chinese this word was been translate directly to '雷电'. But however, the F35 is commonly called the '肥电' (fatty lighting) in Chinese folk internet because of its relatively 'thicker' fuselage itself compared to other aircraft. Well, you know, especially the F35B But the main point is not to ridicule its appearance, it is the design of the F35 itself that has the defect of being too heavy. In order to integrate all kinds of advanced equipment in an otherwise small body, to meet various requirements, which led to the F35's serious overweight. So guys named it '肥电'.

Ah one hour late in time zone for me but: 15 Oct. 2003, the first taikonaut Yang Liwei by Shenzhou-5 manned spacecraft was launched by CZ-2F Y5 rocket and returned safely after orbiting the Earth 14 times (21 hours and 23 minutes). "Use space peacefully for the benefit of all mankind", he said. Fun fact: the orbital module of Shenzhou-5 took a docking port for future docking with Tiangong space lab. Although this docking was eight years later, on 3 Nov. 2011. (By CMS's official website)

Honestly, satellites and rocket for CNSA, kind like the question of "what came first, the chicken or the egg". So I would say 'Yes, and no': CNSA definitely will use the standard sized faring because these satellites constellation will continue launch in the future. Secondly, those satellites platform also is standard size: Because the carrying capacity of the satellite platforms will be limited accordingly, thus the weight and size of these satellites will not be too different, even if their missions and needs are different. The final reason why I would say 'no' is that many rocket models are extremely specific: all the designs of this model are made for a particular satellite platform. So, it is difficult to say whether the satellite is adapting to the fairing or whether the fairing is adapting to the satellite.

CZ-2D Y69 rocket successfully launched Yaogan-36 02 group satellites into their designated orbit. According to the mission patch this time and previous time, I guess this batch of launches should be followed by at least one more in the future: And the firing was as big as last time, which had 3 satellites inside: So, there will be at least three groups of nine satellites in the constellation.

The 300W-class LHT-40 Hall electric propulsion system, developed completely independently by the Lanzhou Institute of Space Technology and Physics, completed its first in-orbit test on board the S5 satellite of the Beidou Navigation Augmentation Constellation in micro-centrifugal space. The system works stably, and the performance indicators fully meet the user's requirements. (Via. Lanzhou Institute of Space Technology and Physics's official WeChat account)

Those antennas are for the SAR radar itself: the clearer picture you want, the bigger antenna you got. And as to whose is bigger and better, China or the US, we may have to wait 40 or 50 years to find out: after all, it's classified! And in many cases of that, the bigger and 'handier' they are, the more confidential they are But barring dangerous things that we can put aside, these satellites, including the GF-3 satellites, the SAR satellites in different frequency bands, have played a large role in recent natural disasters. Only this year like the flood in June in Yingde City, the 6.8 magnitude earthquake on 5 September in Sichuan. Access to real-time information about the disaster area is now much better than it was in 2008: a wide range of useful satellites were deployed in the first instance to take a large number of photographs for analysis. Then send the emergency communication UAV if local communications are down. The thing is way more than parachuting airborne troops into the heart of the disaster area at their own risk, as was the case in the 2008 earthquake. The day before yesterday CNSA sent five satellites to help Venezuela with the flood assessment. These satellites are extremely useful in such situations, but I sincerely hope there will be fewer "opportunities" for them to be used.

Not exactly, if in length, the C-SAR radar of the Gaofen-3 satellite is 15 meters long. In terms of size, the SAR antenna of the LD-1 (L-SAR) satellite is 33 m2: But of course, HJ-2's antenna this time also looks more than 30m2 to me have to say

"You don't know what you don't know" is always the worst situation for everyone (shrug)

I don't know if I can perfectly get the point of the question but here's an example of that: the failure of CZ-5 Y2 rocket which was launched on 2 July 2017 in Wenchang. According to the documentary, the cause of the failure was discovered on 8 January the following year after the failed rocket launch by complete 'zeroing' - an examination almost from the first screw of the rocket's original design - it was discovered that "The core stage liquid hydrogen-liquid oxygen engine one-stage turbine exhaust unit suffered a local structural anomaly in the complex force thermal environment, resulting in a significant and instantaneous reduction in engine thrust, resulting in the failure of the launch mission." Especially with a rocket that has a lot of new technologies for you: you don't know what kind of oversights your design might have, and you don't have a reference for little "tips" from a borrower, so that a fatal problem that can't be found during inspection is, in a way, probabilistically unavoidable. Something happened inside the engine like that I don't think any 'checklist before the launch' can find it out. Unless you have the item on your list to take the engine apart and look at it.

CZ-2C rocket successfully launched a 5M S-SAR 01 satellite, HJ-2 05 (Environmental Disaster Reduction, 环境减灾) from TSLC (Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center) "The satellite is mainly used for emergency management and ecological environment main business to provide home-made data guarantee, at the same time, service for natural resources, water conservancy, agriculture and rural areas, forestry and grassland, earthquake and other industries." The picture of antenna deployed test on ground. And the satellite itself in cg: (Picture via: https://weibo.com/7329022844/Ma6xFeRSX)

The third space lecture will start tomorrow at 15:45. This time it is about: Introducing Wentian Module (The basic information about the Wentian Experiment Module and the experimental facilities such as the Glovebox & Cryogenic Storage Rack, Life & Ecology Rack, Biotechnology Rack and the Varying-Gravity Rack are displayed and introduced.) Capillary Effect Experiment (Demonstrate the significant capillarity of liquids in a weightless environment and explain the importance of capillarity and its engineering applications.) Water balloon becomes "lazy" experiment (To investigate the vibrational behaviour of a liquid and a liquid-solid mixture under the same impact in a microgravity environment.) Drinking water in space in a funny way (Demonstrating the interesting phenomenon of drinking from an extra-long straw in microgravity) The turning spanner (Show the Dzhanibekov effect in CSS! Waiting for that so long!) Introduction to the Plant Growth Research Project (An introduction to the rice growing and Arabidopsis growing research projects in the Life & Ecology Rack and a demonstration of sample collection in action.) Astronauts interacting with secondary school students on the ground. In a CCTV program yesterday, there was footage of the Wentian module in a "lying down" position. We can see the truss structure at end of the Wentian module which can hold the solar panel shifted from Tianhe core module: (Picture via. Weibo) Official news confirmed CZ-7 Y6 rocket has arrived in Wenchang. (Yesterday there were local people who live there and recorded a video on TikTok. He even thinks it was the rocket for Mengtian module hahaha)

A seven and half years old Pallas's cat, and also is the only male Palla's cat in captivity in China, was died because he ate the chicken too quickly and got chicken cartilage stuck in his throat. Palla's cat in Chinese is 兔狲, and his name is Sun Simiao(狲思邈). Harmonized with an ancient Chinese medical practitioner and pharmacologist. He was born in 2015 and was found and rescued from a home in Yinchuan that same year (it is said that this little villain ran into people's homes to steal food). Simiao also harmonized four second in Chinese. And his first mating session at the rescue center was witnessed and recorded by rescuers... well, this little guy only lasted four seconds So, he got the name! (Sounds really bad to his dignity) (Thank goodness these cats are not a particularly endangered species, and every now and then there are news stories about these little villains stealing chickens from herdsmen's homes) So, here's Heimlich Maneuver for cats And for our best friends:

The number of objects which have been launched into orbit, just look at the number after the dash. For example: CZ-2F Y9 successfully sent Shenzhou-9 crew into orbit. Here's the CZ-2F and also is the Shenzhou spaceship's 9th mission. Likewise, the upcoming CZ-7 Y6 rocket will send Tianzhou-5 is the same meaning: here's the CZ-7 rocket's 6th mission and the 5th for the Tianzhou cargo ship. After these relatively few CMS things, some of the "beans scattered into the sky" - the constellation of satellites for communications, positioning, and satellite mapping - the number after the dash does not mean "this is the first satellite", but rather the model number. Such as Yaogan-35 Group 05 A/B Satellites and Yaogan-36 Group 01 A/B/C Satellites. Have to say I'm more curious than that how future reusable rockets and reusable new manned spacecraft will be marked.

Corrections also needed: wrapped, but not in the fairing yet: (Via. People's daily)

CZ-7 Y6 rocket, which will launch the Tianzhou-5 around November, has arrived in Wenchang https://www.douyin.com/video/7152716764332199209 Various tests and preparations for the launch of the Tianzhou-5 are currently underway.

This news needs a prefix: Mengtian Module complete propellant fueling https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Je4y1q7B6/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click&vd_source=6fef304b8d0c4737896e6b702ddfbfb3 Then get wrapped and go to the VAB

I'm sending this article to a friend of mine who owns a bar to read. Ever since this Alcoholic Frankenstein opened a bar, he has been obsessed with brewing his own beer: from all sorts of weird distilled spirits to the best fresh beer I've ever tasted.

Name of the vehicle. Y55 means this is the 55th launch of this type of rocket. Y stand for 遥, is short form of the word '遥测‘, means remote control. Just as literally, it means that there is an exchange of data between the vehicle and the ground. The pinyin of 遥 is 'yáo'. So further abbreviation would be to replace it with Y. However, Chinese news reports still basically use the Chinese character '遥' as a shorthand: Hitting three letters and a space on the keyboard won't be much trouble for anyone. Word '遥测' inherited from the Dongfeng missile. When we launched the CZ-2 (actually is the white painted DF-5) into the South Pacific in the 1980s, it carried remote control, measurement, data return and other equipment. China's rocket technology tracing backward is inevitably the Dongfeng missile, and the organizations and institutes responsible for its development and manufacture are still the same one. So various terms were naturally inherited in this way.

Mengtian Module has been wrapped in the fairing and on the way to the VAB (via China.org.cn)

Over the past few days, I've looked at Musk's statements and the way he acts. I've noticed that a lot of the time this guy is like "I can't make everyone satisfied, but I'm surely I can make everyone mad. So why not...?" But just to be clear, I neither like nor dislike him. Another one has a comparable situation with him and his company, I think is DJI. I think it's all very observational and research worthy no matter what they choice or what they do.

Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S), also named Kuafu-1, has successfully launched from Jiuquan by CZ-2D rocket. China’s first solar observatory aims to solve mysteries of the Sun’s eruptions from Nature The mission badge for this mission: The payloads onboard: Kuafu actually was an ancient Chinese myth about a giant chasing the sun. Interestingly, some people with a different view of the matter believe that Kuafu was not chasing the so-called sun, but a UFO