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Everything posted by SunlitZelkova
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Is a "[insert location in space] colony" even legal? Legal definition of colony- "In International law, colony refers to a dependent territorial entity subject to the sovereignty of an independent country, but considered part of that country for purposes of relations with third countries. The country occupied by the colonists is also called a colony. ..." https://definitions.uslegal.com/c/colony/#:~:text=In International law%2C colony refers,of relations with third countries.&text=The country occupied by the colonists is also called a colony. From the Outer Space Treaty of 1967- "outer space is not subject to national appropriation by claim of sovereignty, by means of use or occupation, or by any other means;" https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/spacelaw/treaties/introouterspacetreaty.html You could build a base that happens to be self-sufficient and has hundreds of crew members, but building a "colony" is currently illegal. A "city" might be ok though. On the other hand, I think it is a bad idea to build such a "pseudo-colony". Subjecting your citizens to whatever ad hoc laws the company managing the "city" has sounds awful. If there is going to be colonization in space, I think it should be done with the following plan- Withdraw from the Outer Space Treaty Establish colonization program and laws, the former under the government But, all of the technology development and the building and maintaining of the city itself will be done by private companies. The government is purely there as an administrative entity and gives no funding. How was North America colonized? Did private entities just go there themselves and start building villages and ports, or was there government help? Studying that is also a good idea alongside looking at Antarctic bases. Despite all of this, I personally think colonization in space will never happen. Destruction/massive damage of the space industry in a war or some disaster seems more likely to happen first at this moment in time (in my personal opinion). I would like to emphasize this is my personal opinion and everyone else is free to think what they want. If humanity does succeed in building a colony on Mars, I hope that whenever someone decides to start planting apple trees, they play the Soviet song about such an activity while they do it.
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I like this show as entertainment, but it is certainly not an accurate representation of what might have happened if the Soviets landed on the Moon first (that is, I don't like it because of any sort of accuracy). Here are the major issues with their hypothetical history. Warning, there are spoilers- This show makes me want to see a parody of the movie First Man, except it is about Alexei Leonov and a successful Soviet moon landing. Sadly, the L3 complex is never shown during this show except for the part of the LK visible during the broadcast of Leonov taking his first steps on the Moon.
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Hello, Background: My Duna lander had an extremely delicate design, and as I was tired, I made a mistake causing the lander to explode. The first attempt failed, and I am now preparing to launch a second rescue mission. There is heightened importance to the mission as the stranded cosmonauts are three of the original four. Question: How does one make a precision landing on a celestial body with an atmosphere? Specifically Duna, although how to do so in general with an atmosphere would be good to know for the future. I am already capable of making a precision landing on an airless body. I am trying to land within reasonable walking distance of the crash site. During the first rescue mission, I basically entered a similar orbit to the one the original lander used, roughly estimated how much the orbit/trajectory would change in map mode to where the rescue spacecraft would intercept the crash site, and then of course landed as usual. The rescue craft came within about 10 km of the crash site. I am wondering if there is a better way to do this. EDIT- I am playing stock.
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I know I need to flyby Jool, but what else needs to be done? Should be periapsis during the flyby be as low as possible? Would conducting a burn during the flyby help or not? I want to launch a crewed expedition into interstellar (or the closest thing possible to interstellar) space. Of course, if there is another option that does not involve flying by Jool, I would use it too. I am playing completely stock, with the Making History DLC.
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TMK (Тяжелый Межпланетный Корабль - Tyazhely Mezhplanetny Korabl or Heavy Interplanetary Spacecraft) was a series of proposals for a crewed interplanetary spacecraft created in the Soviet Union in the late 1950s and the 1960s. The English language literature on the proposals is a little confusing, I have seen the Salyut-like TMK-MAVR referred to as TMK-1, TMK-1 described as a different nuclear powered design, and a landing version of the TMK from 1964, despite the "only" landing variant (according to the English language sources) having been designed in 1966. There is also the TMK-E, which would deliver a vehicle known as the "Mars train" to the surface, which is sometimes described as having been the main landing proposal, but referred to simply as "TMK". TMK-1 was the first of all of these proposals. It was designed for a Mars flyby. The initial design was completed on October 12th, 1961. It had a crew of three cosmonauts. It would have been launched on a single N-1 rocket, not requiring assembly in orbit. It was composed of three modules- one for biological research, one for instrumentation, and the crew section. It would carry impactor probes that would be released shortly before the Mars flyby itself. The mission would have launched on June 8th, 1971, make its closest approach to Mars in April 1972, and the crew would return to Earth in a capsule on July 10th, 1974. The mission would last a total of 1095 days, making it one of the longest seriously proposed crewed spaceflight missions. A ground test simulator was actually built for the life support system. From November 5th, 1967 to November 5th, 1968, physician German Manovtsev, biologist Andrey Bozhko, and technician Boris Ulybyshev lived in it. Using chlorella, water and oxygen were regenerated from human liquid waste and exhaled carbon dioxide, while food was a combination of freeze dried rations and vegetables grown in a green house. Human solid waste was removed from the cabin. Their stay was apparently successful. The research on the life support system was carried out by an institute separate from the OKB-1 space design bureau, and due to Voskhod, Soyuz, and eventually the L3 lunar program, TMK-1 wasn't cancelled or rejected as much as its designers and engineers were distracted by other projects and unable to push for funding or start further work on it. However, research on it would prove valuable for later proposals of crewed Mars spacecraft (although they too were never flown). The actual design had solar panels in a ring around the main body, however I have based mine on an artists concept which shows it in front of Venus, which had two solar panels. When I designed it(this was a few months ago) I did not understand how flyby "drop" probes worked, so they are non-functional in this version, although I plan to update with working probes in the future. There is no clear indication of where the Earth return capsule was, so it is at the front where it is capsule shaped in some drawings of the spacecraft. Also, although I could have used fairings to give the different modules a cleaner look, I opted not to, in order for it to fit on an N-1 replica, as well as to be able to look at Mars through the windows. TMK-1 during its flyby, 1972 Approach to Mars Leaving Mars During the return to Earth, it encountered a comet! This was very special, as TMK-1 is one of my favorite spacecraft, and this made flying it in KSP all the more fun. As I plan to improve the design with working impactor probes in the future, there is no craft file. Thanks for having a look!
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SPACE STATIONS! Post your pictures here
SunlitZelkova replied to tsunam1's topic in KSP1 The Spacecraft Exchange
IOS-GP-1 (International Orbital Station-Guinea Pig-1) was the first international space station. It was launched in December 1976, and was the second and (for the time being) the last cooperative spaceflight between the US and the USSR (the first being the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project). It has dockings ports for Soyuz and Apollo CSM spacecraft. It is in the shape of a guinea pig. -
TMK (Тяжелый Межпланетный Корабль - Tyazhely Mezhplanetny Korabl or Heavy Interplanetary Spacecraft) was a series of proposals for a crewed interplanetary spacecraft created in the Soviet Union in the late 1950s and the 1960s. The English language literature on the proposals is a little confusing, I have seen the Salyut like TMK-MAVR referred to as TMK-1, TMK-1 described as a different nuclear powered design, and a landing version of the TMK from 1964, despite the "only" landing variant (according to the English language sources) having been designed in 1966. There is also the TMK-E, which would deliver a vehicle known as the "Mars train" to the surface, which is sometimes described as having been the main landing proposal, but referred to simply as "TMK". Formulation of the proposals took place mostly during the period of the space race before John F. Kennedy proposed the goal of landing a man on the Moon before the end of the 1960s. Sergei Korolev apparently had very strong enthusiasm for the whole undertaking during meetings regarding the design. The schedules produced during planning had the missions taking place in the 70s and 80s. Wikipedia states any landing mission would have launched in 1980, however as far as I know, there was no transfer window during that year, it was in 1981. If it had launched in 1981, it would have ended up taking place simultaneously with the NASA Integrated Program Plan manned mission to Mars proposed by Werner von Braun in 1969. The Mars landing would have been in 1982. The TMK design I have decided to replicate is apparently from 1964, designed by Gleb Maksimov. I am unsure of the specific details of the design, so mine will have a little artistic license as I describe its components (it is not intended to ultra accurate in specifications per say, more for looks and the general configuration, only because of a lack of detailed information). The core of the spacecraft is the docking hub. It connects five nuclear rockets with the crew section. The docking hub has unused docking ports on the sides to allow Soyuz (or for future expeditions, the Progress) spacecraft to visit it while it is in Earth orbit. In real life, all components would have been launched on an N-1 rocket, however, the docking hub was too wide, so I used a Saturn V. The nuclear rockets could in theory be used as nuclear shuttles to the Moon and back (I am actually unsure if it was propelled by nuclear rockets or not, but I have decided to use them). They were launched on N-1s (in the game that is). The crewed section consists, from front to back, the MK Mars lander, a habitation compartment, and the power compartment containing a ring of RTGs around a transfer tube, which leads to the work compartment, which contains facilities for science experiments to be conducted both in interplanetary space and in Mars orbit. Below the work compartment is the Earth return capsule, and below that is another nuclear rocket for Mars departure. Attempting to launch the crew section on an N-1 failed, so I put it on top of my Energia replica. The crew section does not have any engines for use in low Earth orbit, so following the docking of three of the nuclear rockets to the docking hub, the docking hub flew to the crew section and performed all docking maneuvers. The ship carries a crew of six. Three cosmonauts will land, and three will remain in orbit. Here is what it is based on/supposed to be- Nuclear rocket docking with the docking hub, late 1980- Completed ship in Low Earth Kerbin Orbit- TMK-2 Akademik Korolev departing Earth Kerbin, 1981- The ship in deep space en route to Mars Duna- The ship in Mars Duna orbit, 1982- The MK, designated MK-1, descending towards Mars Duna- MK-1 on the surface of Mars Duna- TMK-2 Akademik Korolev-MK-1 landing site, 1982- TMK-2 in orbit around Mars Duna, 1982. The MK-1 landing site is visible below- The mission is still in progress and I plan to detail it in a different post in the mission report section. I have decided not to upload a craft file for now because it needs a little work. For example adding reaction wheels separate from the one built into the probe core on the nuclear rockets would make maneuvering for docking much easier. I will reply to this thread when it is ready to be uploaded. I will also include performance comments then. Specifications- Part count- 242 upon completion of assembly Length- 55.8 meters upon completion of assembly Width- roughly 8.4 meters at widest point Weight- 208.375 tons upon completion of assembly and fully fueled, however, about half of the five Earth Kerbin departure nuclear rocket's fuel is spent during docking, so the weight is less upon actually completion of assembly. It varies by flight. Specifications for individual components- TMK Docking Hub- Height- 6.9 meters, Mass- 13.766 tons, Parts- 30 Soviet Nuclear Rocket- Height 20.5 meters, Mass- 28.665 tons, Parts- 21 TMK Crew Section- Height- 28.4 meters, Mass- 51.284 tons, Parts- 107 Thank you for having a look! Note (moderator please remove if possible)- I got logged out of the forum after I clicked upload, so if this has appeared twice I entered it again in case it did not go up the last time.
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Hi! I had an interest in space flight roughly six or so years ago, however other things took priority, but I have recently become interested again. Six years ago I was not playing video games, however at the time when I became interested in space again, I was playing video games, so I decided to find a reasonably realistic space game to play. My interest six years ago, in hindsight, was mainly about space history as opposed to any of the science, so I have a lot to learn. I am very impressed with the Positive Forum Movement and the Good Conduct guide. The internet seems to be filled with arguments and insults, so it is very nice to see such an effort to keep discussion polite and friendly. I look forward to becoming a part of this community!