PB666

Annoying at it is, bonafida scientist use this in the current literature, although without clarification of the components (protein, carbohydrate, etc) the probably will end up in the reject pile. To extract pearl, take an acid such as hydrochloric acid. A plant extract simply means grinding the plant and taking the water soluble (or alcohol, or urea, whatever). You can take the pellet and re-extract after treating it with something (for example cellulase). A [Plant] extract is simply all the soluble components either in it original unstable liquid form, or lyophilized to produce a powder extract that has a much longer shelf life (when packed in helium, argon or nitrogen). I am not going to knock the technique, the single most important step in any purification/characterization routine is the first step (usually the extraction). But its not the end all. Minimally you can filter in a HMWCO filter or run it over a desalting or other gel filtration column. Also, bulk Ion-exchange is very good at plucking one desired component out and leaving the rest behind. Adding my opinion on the original topic - these herbal remedies - often less herb than you think and not very effective. See thread about diabetes.

Here is the statistics from the beeb. 10cm or larger 21,000 1 to 10 cm 100,000 below 1 cm 100,000,000 Concentration low altitude limit to 2000km. peak 750-800km http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-33782943

MAD and a sneak attack are two different things. MAD is to preserve the peace and prevent sneak attacks there is a social consequence to living with MAD. When you talk about a sneak attack you follow this most prophetic analysis: So right, can we devolve this sub-forum back to actual science and not speculation.

What? When I think cargo bay I think how full can I stuff it like a frisco-bound family battle tank (was this before or after the summer of love, cause I want to know whether it should have flower decals or not?). Come to think of it it should have a trailer hitch on both sides so we can put stuff full the trailers also, that would be more nostalgic, and a little electric window in the back that goes up an down. Take a copy of modular girder segment CFG and modify its rescale factor until if fits to about 80%-90% of the interior height. Then you can mount stuff safely on it, on the sides you can mount a radiator to keep the parts inside cool. The bay is somewhat superfluous since there many of KSPs parts are not stream-lined, you can tuck many of the science parts in the groves and crevices created by stacking such parts and they are pretty well protected.

What is hyperspace, is that space that needs riddlen? Seriously don't believe any of this sci-fi lingo, otherwise we can start begging Squad to give us ZPMs at the Start. - - - Updated - - - While not discounting the US, the soviets and germans have their own list, let us not forget the V2, rocket and sputnik. The soviets also perfected automated dockings (their manual docking left much to be desired). But if you had a craft that to say pluto in one day with only constant energy to run say the warp engine and life support you would not want to take the craft back and forth to earth. You would return it to a 35,000 mile orbit, pick up a lander on a suborbital trajectory, take it to pluto let it land, and return to the same position above earth and wait for the next task. If it travels at finite velocity meaning v < c then if it going to a habitable place with passengers, its going to take a couple of decades, here again, why would you return it into the atmosphere. The problem arises when you get to planet X with humans or you have samples you need to return, which is something I see as silly. What you really want are suicidal scientist or machines that can think and work like geologist and biochemists. You don't want to return the samples, because you assume that anything they can analyze you could replicate on earth. (Pretty much, since I have made proteins in a reaction vessel starting with fmoc-amino acids, and the like you could make and test aspects of biology). This is what we do today. If you find strange species x has a factor that interesting, you clone its gene into an expression vector and express the gene in a host (say e-coli) and then assay the activity of the expressed gene. So if you know the hereditary material, you know the codon table for conversion to expressed products, then you can send the information in cute little digital packages to the warp ship and send it back with the info. The bigger problem is that to terraform that warp ship is going to need a major biological capacity. Im not talking about spiralina and brineshrimp eggs, this is about ecosystems of bacteria, some are very sensitive to environmental fluxes and have been hard to characterize in the lab. If you can get these things to planet X and get planet X habitable, then you don't need a return ticket. This is something I see needing an 'earth ship', because the terraformers will need to camp over the planet for years before they can land. With regard to MAD: Think 1914 to 1918, 1937 to 1945. The cold war in all its failing, was fortunately a failure at the comparative destruction that preceded. And I would argue that the Soviets were an ememy you secretly wanted, certainly Gorbachev can be compared favorably with the half dozen or so leaders of ex-soviet countries. The east-west divide . . . . . . . now look at it Libya/Egypt, Lebanon/Syria/Iraq, Afganistan/Pakistan . . . .yeah things all turned out well after the fall of the Soviets. We don't create another big powerful weapon, its here, think Coal, Pan evaporation rates, Social media addiction, Junk food, Water hoarding, Unsustainable fertility rates in impoverished countries.

Alternatively. Copy and paste the craft into a sand-box mode and test. This is not a bad idea, there are still a few VAB bugs. Certain thin parts and the radial attachment part (stackstarter) where the part on the port (desired) ends up attaching to the radial attachment part. You can't always catch the error before launch, and end up with a port that is permanently blocked. Its good to test in space or on a nearby moon. - - - Updated - - - Find the highest peak on the satellite body, set the orbit to intercept the peak so that the non-rover part is smashed by the peak, then prey for a lucky landing. (Like its not going to work). You could try to rescue the rover with a claw, but you would need to release it. What you need is a mod that can saw.

Lets say you were going to land on the Mun and you are traveling at 20k making your radius 220km. The circumference of your orbit is then 1382.6km. Each degree is then 3.83km If you are traveling 540 m/s along the equator, and your craft can accelerate at 1 g, then it takes 55 seconds of horizontal velocity to stop all horizontal or rotational vector. distance travel = 1/2 a * t^2 14.877, (correct formula is =V0T + 1/2AT2, but magnitude is exactly the same as traveling from a dead stop to 540 m/s) therefore you will travel about 3.9degrees when decelerating full along the horizontal vector. If you know the targets longditude you can begin decelerating about 3.9 degrees before you reach it. The lead degrees increases at higher latitudes along the 090, because the span per degree gets smaller. The degrees decrease accurately to about 045 or 135 (prograde) because the distance traveled per degree increases. So for instance if you are crossing the equator at 45 degrees you would begin the retro 2.7 degrees before the targets longditude, and 2.7 degrees before its latitude. If you are traveling at more than 045 or less than 135 you need to set targets latitude coordinate as your primary trigger. Also since you are burning horizontal the craft will fall according to 1/2 grav T^2. Since grav is 1.63 you will travel 2.5 km downward (a little less because of curvature) and be traveling 89 m/s meaning at 1 g it will take you 11 seconds or 500 meters meaning that the burn will need to end at least 3000m below a flat horizontal start. Thus you should not attempt a horizontal burn unless you have more than 1g accel and are at least 3000m above the target points true altitude. Of course you probably won't know this unless you have mech jeb or some other program (or you have a flag planted with its elevation in its name). This assumes that at the end of the horizontal burn you immediately point up and burn, if not you can add 100m per second travel to this in the time it takes to reorient the craft. It is actually most efficient to calculate this along the retro surface velocity vector starting from a minimal orbit (say 250 to 500meter above the minimum) and burn retro surface velocity down to around 200 meters, then a final 2 second burn a few meters up. Its also very risky, but represents the least amount of time fighting gravity. The orbit above starts at 20,000 and would be suitable for a landing between 15,000 and 16,500 meter altitude(true), there are none of these on the mun. Landing in a crater generally will require a starting retro altitude of much lower 5000-8000 meters. The problem is that there are terrain around the craters at this altitude so you would need to create an elliptical orbit with a periapsis close to the retroburn point that will have slightly more velocity. Alternatively you can do a small retro burn at the maximum terrain elevation that then bring your craft down a few thousand feet before you start your retro. Programs like MechJeb give some of the transition points (different from the above but relative) is you use the landing guidance ap. You can also plant flags and put the biomes, elevations, even the longditude in the flag name, and show the flags in mapview. I used to do this, and also I would find the flattest near-by spot to plant the flag, that why when I return with my expensive geared out lander I am going to have a safe landing.

France....? your point? AF447, Air France placed a faulty pitot tube on their plane favoring a lower quality french made item over a more reliable American made item. They probably would have not have changed had their own pilots gone on strike. Lets see they past right over the wreckage not realizing it, added another year to the search. You want to find beach junk, pay $1 for each piece of scrap over a pound as long as they have a GPS coordinate on the piece and a photo of it where it landed (since everyone now has a cell-phone with a camera). Get the malasians to set up an office and then let the locals solve the problem for you.

It works better with diodes than sunlight, and you can feed brine shrimp spirulina to get animal protein. The problem is water.

Hmm, well from my experience a rover well lacks the power to get it out of the average munar crater. If you think just in terms of science you want a processing lab at every biome, it takes forever for the lab to process anything so why move it, but their aren't enough scientist in the game to man them, the science is compromised by logistics. So basically all the science processing needs to be done in a mobile lab, but the problem is it needs to be reliable, and since the landers have to refuel in space anyway, its better to have the lab in space (and the best value is in getting the Sci back to kerbin). About the only thing a mobile lab is good for then are the seismic, temp, gravoli, pressure and soil samples (leaving the goo and mat sci behind). Here's the catch if you land on the edge of a biome, it cost almost no delta-V to move to the adjacent biome, so what is the advantage of a rover? (for example a landing cycle cost 1200 dV, and a well planned hop only cost 100dV). In addition, if you simply want to rove, connect to pods together by a mgs with panels, when it turns over, roll it whereever you like. If KSP wants people to use rovers they should place valuable uniques in the domains that you have to search for and recover for $, rep, or Sci.

Bigger problem is scientific instruments. Why are you in space.

Mechanical replicates don't need to grow, and you can simply do a digital data transfer to learn them. What is missing is diversity, we assume that the lessons of our little corner of the universe would suffice as a template for potential experience and problem solving elsewhere. Black swan theory applies. Humans under recombination evolution, its why we are more complex than bacteria. Recombination offers unanticipated solutions for future problems. Lets give an example, sociobiologist try to understand how humans learn, we then feed the paradigm into a computer algorithm and give it roughly our senses (so for instance we give the computer the ability to see colors, semi-panoramic vision, stereoscopic sound, etc), sense hot and cold, sense smells. And then we give it roughly our facilities. We could also give other abilities, to see infrared, more smells, ultrasound, ultraviolet, gamma, cosmic, neutrinos, etc. Then we set it off on its little way into the great void and it disappears. All the while we find the standard model is complete, and we find the dark energy and dark matter wave and other things. We cannot see these things, but if they are important to see we can build machines that can sense them. The old machine traveling in the void in space is not going to get the richness of experiences, it may have other experiences. So if the ship were human and resources, you could send the humans the instruction to build the new sensors and they could be added. In addition humans will evolve, and our senses will evolve to suit whatever new worlds we make it to (not likely but . . . ). So we have both the biological capacity to sense and the appended mechanical capacity to sense.

Neither can replicator ships. Heisenberg uncertainty principle. And we could using parthenogenesis achieve the same affect with humans. The limitation is a function of telomerase activity, the only problem is that in higher animals parthenogenesis is limited to females. Artificially engineer a human female germ-line cell that creates its own new lineage, it will become a psuedoovary. That expresses 1. A polymerases have 100-fold less erroneous proofreading function (there are bacteria that do this) 2. Make sure enough of this polymerase is made so that enough last until the tissue forms in the replicon. 3. Give the telomerases that same restorative capacity as cells in female germ line. 4. Make sure the cells in the organ spend a fraction of their time in diploid condensed phase and never go through meiosis. When new humans are needed take 100 cells from the pseudo ovary, expand the cells to eight fold stage, sequence the cells looking for errors. If the cells have no errors remove an ova, remove its nucleus and replace with confirmed nucleus. Then insert back into the original female and allow to develope.

What, KSP causes you to hear voices inside your head?

UV - you don't care you need metal, glass and plastic anyway, easy enough to block Xray and Gamma - Xray burst (i.e. CMEs) can be shield by embedded heavy metals in the metals, glass or plastic, gamma you really don't care that much. Cosmic rays - Thats a bigger issue Primary risk in space is not radiation is vacuum. You manage the radiation as a biproduct of dealing with the vacuum, that leaves pretty much cosmic radiation. Secondary risk in space is loss of heart and muscle strength as a consequence of zero gravity.

This is the latest from the beeb. No door, it was a domestic ladder. Suitcases and other personal items have been found. http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-33750811

. . . . . .atever befalls the earth befalls the sons and daughters of the earth for we didn't weave . . . . . . If you give rats and monkeys lit cigarettes what will they do? How about a teenager a completely unrestricted smartphone. So conceptually you are offering human a thing, a thing that they like to possess, then ask them how much of it they want to possess. The obvious answer is they will want to possess that thing until it begins to harm them in someway. Then you can look up venerable old Indian chief quotes and reflect on the philosophy, as if you had to look up something that was obvious.

There is so much junk in the ocean now people will just ignore it. On our beaches here I find juice bottles from North Africa, milk cartoons from Portugal, candy wrappers from Brazil. Just about anything thats dumped into the Altantic will end up on a beach in the Gulf of Mexico. I once did a small statistic one morning just to see where stuff came from, about 80:20 ratio stuff on our beach comes from outside the US. Cargo container falls off a boat, contents wash up on shore, people just ignore it. Can't say I would pick up a wallet if it had gooseneck barnacles growing on it. We are such a disposable society now-a-days it takes something really big like a wing section to get notice.

Sciencey stuff like cultural anthropology of etymology and mythology. heh-heh.

Theoretically, you could use polysulfide which has a high density and compressibility to scavenge carbon from CO2 and return the Oxygen (I can't imagine it working) More useful is polyoxygen (red oxygen, 08) at very low temperatures can be compressed far greater than oxygen. You can create this at room temperature at 10 gPa and then cool it to zero degrees K and compress it in a press to form a stable solid pellet that has a much higher density than compressed O2. In terms of oxidation capacity per weight this is the best, there are better per volume, like potassium dicrhomate embedded in sulferic acid (oxidation drops rapidly as pH rises). However give that sulferic acid is very dense as with the dichromate, not such a good choice. I suppose the best theoretical bi reactants would be H+ (proton) and H- (hydride) but given these will saturate quickly in any reasonable container you could only really keep them in a solute with other non-reactive stabilizers. On a very long spaceflight into intersteller space I could see cryogenic storage of O8 in pressed pellets that are then loaded into tanks, sealed from one end and coverted into O2 for long term oxygen supply. In space flight you really want your O2 fast, and so you need to push it with helium, you could readily push a solid oxygen through a fuel line.

Not is some ways, in just about everyway, mythology to us is storytelling to those that created these things for the purpose of educating or spreading news in the flavor that the masses found most entertaining. The only difference between mythology and TV dramas is the ancients have good reason for confusing myth with reality, and educated societies like ours do not, and yet we not only fall for myths of old, we also fall for new-age myths also (Obama born in Kenya, No moon landing, etc.). In fact mythology is a crafty tool that politicians have used in the past to just that, manipulate the masses.

At the quantum scales there are infinite possibilities, accumulating these effects is where fantasy gives way to reality.

Interesting delimna. Theoretically if one uses an efficient ION engine one should be able to collapse an orbit at apogee near kerbin-Kerbol altitude, and progressively bring the periapsis closer to Kerbol, and at closest Kerbol periapsis bring up the apogee to past the targets orbit, then once at apogee the dV to flip the orbit should be small, then once at perigee reduce the apogee as much as possible (say Eve) and circularize at Eve, then match planes, and hohman transfer from eve orbit. You might even be able to transfer from a perigee close to moho if you plan your orbit right, but as you aproach you will definitely have to start adjusting relative velocity well in advance with an ION engine. I would say just get the target in any orbit and you can pick it up from there. If you could get the target in very high kerbol orbit that is prograde kerbin and you have solved 80% of your problem. What you really need is an EM drive ( :^) )with a low weight XL-MGS (scale mod small and chained) covered with OX_STATs. Gigantors are not the most weight efficient, there are fixed panel mods that have are more power/weight ratio. The MGS and XL-MGS are overkill on strength, so you need to find a way to get the structural extention without all the weight and then you can cover them with OX-STAT panels.

First thing-Purify the platinum. Does not mean smelt platinum to ore, but platinum should be in a molecular form like H2PtCl6 Second thing- bundle the platinum into a bolloid (a large plastic bag would suffice). Third- tug the bolloid back to L2 or L1 using any suitable ion, EM, etc drive. Forth- Intercept the bolloid at L2 or L1 with some sort of orbital insertion device, remove contents of bolloid and place them into a re-entry craft. Fifth-begin the long tedious process of aerobraking the re-entry craft in earths upper atmosphere. Sixth, because of the excessive mass and density the re-entry vehicle would need to deceleration forces a magnitude higher than modern craft. This means that there needs to be extendable drag plates that project from the tail of the central re-entry plate axis. Each of these would carry its own drogue and high velocity chutes. You want the landing to be on land since landing in an ocean means almost certainly you are going to be doing a sea floor recovery (Rel. Density of the salt in sea water is about 10x). The effort will not be to stop the vessel, it will certainly crash on earth but to slow it down to a 10s m/s before hitting the earth. If it were possible to aim the descent (I don't think with all the drag features needed to slow it down, and I think that the re-entry vector at 100km needs to be essentially horizontal to maximize deceleration) I would aim at exposed peat beds in Canada since they offer an intermediate density between water and air, not as hard as soil with a solid foundation. You probably want GPS trackers/transmitters embedded in cells within the platinum so that you can track the pieces that hit the ground, they are likely to be protected but hidden in the peat.