bigcalm

Yeah, it should be noted that Eve-ascent is probably the hardest challenge in the game. There are so many phases that you need to think about, and you kind of have to do it in reverse order and it's easy to end up in a situation where what you've designed just won't work and you need to start again. So let's talk about the phases in reverse order -- The ascent: You will need a vessel with roughly 8k delta v to go from the surface of Eve at sea level to orbit around Eve. It needs to be as aerodynamic as possible, and needs to have as little payload as possible - including doing the stuff that you always forget to do like removing monopropellent from the capsule. Save every gram you can! You want a separate craft to rendezvous with the orbital craft, either to pick up the crew, or dock with it to take it back to Kerbin if you want. Don't try and design it to get all the way back to Kerbin from the surface of Eve -- you'll be adding a lot of additional complexity to an already mammoth task. If you have MechJeb installed, use its delta v calculator in the VAB, set the body to Eve and pay attention to the SLT number - this is the surface-level-thrust and takes into account the atmosphere. It should be above one for every stage within your rocket (except possibly the final orbital-insertion burn). Because of Eve's gravity and soup-like atmosphere, you'll need big powerful engines that work well in atmospheres - the Vector, the aerospike, and if you've gone really big, the Mammoth. You also want it as aerodynamic and as slippery as a fish whilst in the atmosphere as the drag from that atmosphere will huuuurt your chances. My typical ascent profile tends to be straight up for the first 35k of atmosphere and *then* do the gravity turn. And seriously, think about aerodynamics when designing. I had a rocket that could make it from sea level with ~1k delta v to spare, I added some stabilising standard fins to it because the gravity turn was a bit hairy to pilot and just the addition of those fins made it such that the rocket would then not even get close to orbital velocity. With Kerbin, you can brute-force stuff, use reaction wheels, not worry about aerodynamics all that much, but with Eve you very much have to care, We also want to talk here about staging, which you will have to do in some way to get to 8k delta v. I have often designed my Eve ascender where ejected stages just end up crashing into the rocket, and no amount of separatrons fixed it. You should carefully consider the aerodynamic forces that will be at play when you eject stages -- is the atmosphere going to push on it on one side after ejection, and cause a rotation that smashes it into the active stages? Stuff that can help: Tail fins are the best stock aerodynamic surface in the game. Use them for aerodynamic stability, not just on your Eve ascenders but on every rocket that goes in an atmosphere. Try to make the rocket relatively tall and thin. It's kind of cheaty but a closed air-intake is the most aerodynamic thing you can put in an airstream. When doing the gravity turn be *gradual* - it's easy to cause flip-out, ruining your chances of reaching orbit. Make sure to eject every gram of weight off your ascent stage before ascending - don't take the landing legs or the deflated parachutes with you. If you want more than a one-man ascender, consider using the aircraft cabins as they're the lightest crew-to-cabin ratio you can get. Don't be afraid to throttle back when in the lower atmosphere - in the dense soup below about 20k, trying to go above about 250ms means that almost all of your thrust is going to be effectively used by aerodynamic drag and not accelerating your rocket. The ground: So you managed to land! Congrats! You thought about how the Kerbal was going to get from the capsule high up on the rocket to the ground to plant a flag and get back didn't you? Before moving from the ground-phase to the ascent phase, you should be able to eject everything that is unnecessary for the ascent phase - parachutes, ladders, science gear, ISRU, ore tanks, etc. If it's not needed for the ascent get rid of it before you start ascending. With the kerbal-to-the-ground problem, there's two basic ways - either have a capsule low-down near the ground, where you can then 'transfer' crew from the bottom capsule to the one that they'll be sitting in when they launch (disadvantage - you lose science experiments), or have a Acme corporation ladder-style arrangement from the top capsule to the ground that can be ejected before take-off. Stock landing gear suuucks on Eve. You can easily end up with situations where it vibrates, explodes, judders or simply doesn't hold it steady, and blows up in bad ways if you shift focus to another vessel and back again. This just generally means extra testing, careful placement, lots of strutting and possibly fiddling with some damper / spring settings in advanced tweakables, For particularly large landers it can sometimes be worth trying just landing everything on girders rather than landing gear, as they're pretty sturdy and don't suffer from the same issues as stock landing gear (they suffer from DIFFERENT issues!). The other issue will be slow movement - you can perhaps use ground tether to fix this which should work most of the time but may also occasionally cause some of your landing gear to explode either immediately or when shifting focus from to another vessel and back. When a vehicle is moving, even very slowly, a Kerbal on a ladder will not have the option to 'climb out', which gives rise to certain scenarios where a kerbal can get out, reach the ground to plant the flag, and then not be able to return to the capsule, so if possible, have your ladder array such that a Kerbal can go round something circular, let go and simply be standing on something rather than always requiring 'climb out' to be available. The descent: From a low orbit of Eve, you will be hitting the atmosphere at approximately 3km/s. For an interplanetary intercept, you'll be hitting at least 4 km/s and also won't have much choice on *where* you land. Both are dangerous and extremely likely to make things blow up on atmospheric entry without heatshields. However, just sticking a big heatshield on the bottom is unlikely to work, because to make it aerodynamic in the ascent phase, the rocket is now tall and thin, meaning that the centre of mass of the rocket is a long way from the heatshield. Which means as soon as you start hitting the soupy atmosphere, the craft will then spin round to face the titanic heat of atmospheric entry and blow up. The way to fix this is to add extra heatshields at the top of your rocket, at an angle, like the following image. What this will do is make it a little like a very draggy dart - the heatshields acting as the flights on a dart to keep it firmly planted in the direction of travel, and all the fragile explodey-bits safe from the air-stream. Continually rotating the craft during atmospheric entry can also help as it allows different bits to heat up at different times, possibly preventing an explosion. Naturally, if you go with the configuration in the image, your entire rocket *must* fit above a 10 metre heatshield, which may involve redesigning the ascent or ground stages. If you find you need the upper heatshields, you will also need the ability to eject them as soon as you reach a low enough speed (500ms ish). After ejecting the upper heatshields, you then need to inflate the parachutes, which I only tend to do once I'm below 10k in altitude - it's easy to end up with a situation where you eject the top heatshields, inflate the parachutes and then because you no longer have the draggy things at the top have Eve's gravity accelerate you to the point where the parachutes go poof. Which isn't great. Then, after the parachutes have fully deployed, you should be able to eject the bottom heatshield without crashing into it (adding weight / separatrons can help here - if it's too light, i.e. just the heatshield it's easy to crash into it and have your precious engines destroyed). Don't forget to deploy your landing gear after this and hope you don't land on a steep slope ! Off Kerbin / to Eve: Given the amount of effort involved in designing the Eve-portion of the craft, I'd recommend just brute-forcing it however you can to get it there. You have mammoths available on Kerbin and can refuel vessels in orbit - do it and don't care about the cost! I also try to get the vehicle in a relatively low orbit around Eve before attempting descent/ascent, as this will mean I can more easily pick a landing spot and I'll be hitting the atmosphere at the lowest speed. Testing If you're not adverse to it, design and test it in Sandbox mode, use debug F12 cheat menu to put it in orbit of Eve for testing, and only copy the craft over to your "real" game when you're happy. If you want to test in sandbox mode at Kerbin, there's a few bits of "simulation" that you can try which will get close to the conditions you'll experience at Eve: By putting the craft in a highly elliptical orbit and then adjusting the periapsis to hit the surface, the craft will hit Kerbin's atmosphere at roughly the same speed as you enter Eve's at from low orbit. The ascent phase you design should be able to lift off from Kerbin, get to orbit, de-orbit, get close to the ground (you won't have landing gear to actually land) and then make it back into orbit a second time. You should also test whether the kerbal can successfully get out of the capsule, to the ground, and back up to the capsule and safely eject all of the parachutes/landing gear/etc.

Ok, there's a couple of things that might be wrong here: There's two resources here - silicates are the mined stuff, silicon is the stuff that's processed. If you want silicon to be transferred to planetary resources, the base that makes silicon needs a storage kontainer for silicon that is marked as a planetary warehouse. You also need a logistics module (duna logistics, etc.) on the base that is "pushing" to planetary resources, though you don't need it to be manned. Silicon will only be transferred to planetary resources once your storage kontainer is mostly full. So it might just be you need a little patience and for the stored silicon to build up in the base that's creating it. Once some silicon has been pushed to planetary resources, it will then be available for your other base to pull it - if you have a manned logistics module and a storage kontainer for silicon set to planetary warehouse as well. It also needs a "use" for that resource - so if you're not producing specialised parts on that base it might not be attempting to pull.

ScanSat. Adds something genuinely new and useful to the game.

Question - with or without mods? But yes, imagine if the Kerbals invented such a ground-breaking concept such as a hosepipe. What wonderous science that would be! Without mods: Maybe a rover with a Klaw on the front. Yeah, it's likely quite Krakeny, but autosave before doing any "docking" and you should be ok. With mods: KAS gives you hosepipes (some faffing required), MKS gives you a window that allows automatic transfer within 150 metres (but MKS also comes with lots of other complexity, like life support).

You should be able to make a lander that can get to the surface in a single stage, refuel itself on the ground using ISRU, and then return to Tylo orbit. However, you will likely have to top up the fuel that's in it when it reaches orbit in order to reuse it again. Use a large engine - I used the Rhino, but mainsail should do it too. A fixed refuelling base is a reasonable idea, but accurate enough landings are likely to be challenging. Do you have a backup plan for when you're not accurate enough? I would start from equatorial orbit, because of the likely need to rendezvous with it, and I think I normally start descent at about 100km circular orbit.

Anyone remember when the Tundra modules used to look like this?

I've tried another "full" resource diagram, this time with duplicate resource boxes, the font slightly larger, and no overlapping arrows. Not entirely sure it works, it's now not particularly obvious how I look at the diagram and get e.g. Metals because it's now in two places. Could also do with removing that "OR" circle by having multiple extra Supplies / Organics boxes. https://drive.google.com/file/d/108sPu-rTQWRUkm7XHfmB7EmzALy-B6-p/view?usp=sharing

I'll get that corrected - good spot. I only ever used to use flexi-tubes to connect rovers to bases, for the purposes of machinery or nuclear materials transfer (mainly because on previous installs, "Perform Maintenance" would regularly not appear as an option). However, I believe some people used to create bases permanently connected with flexi-tubes. Personally, I was too terrified of Kraken attacks to try that.

Yeah, it's not easy to visualise, or draw. I like the idea of splitting into separate 'Farming', 'Manufacturing' and 'Advanced' sections though as I've done in the guide, because the flowchart with all resources and all conversions in it is really complicated. I'm happy to share the diagram(s) with you if you want to try and make them better. I think it's ok, as to work out what you need to get, say, Refined Exotics, you just need to track the arrows backwards to the resources that feed into it - though you are right that there are arrows everywhere and it's a bit difficult to follow. I've also tried to separate out into "what processes this" sections rather than 'raw,refined,product' - i.e. if it's done at an Assembly bay or workshop, it's an advanced resource and is a yellow box. If it's done at a Refinery, it's a refined resource and is a green box, if it's done at an agriculture module, it's an agriculture resource and is a purple box. Each box should be coloured appropriately depending on what produces that resource (and in the "full" chart, they're different box shapes as well so that the colour-blind have a chance). There's a key at the bottom of each flowchart. I'm not sure what the difference would be between a 'Product' and a 'Final Product' would be?

I've updated the tutorial guide now Please let me know if you notice any errors, or anything that needs clarifying/expanding on. Additionally, if you have any screenshots that you'd like included (I particularly want bases that don't follow my standard pattern), please let me know and I'll fit them in to the guide. If anyone wants any of this to update the wiki let me know - I can supply lots of screenshots and have the tutorial text as a separate file that should be easier to pull into a wiki than getting it from the forum post.

I've updated this guide to include everything in the pre-release of the new constellation. Updated the following: * Ground tether now reliable * Added sections for EVA Construction, WOLF, Professions and Orbital Construction * Fleshed out some of the other sections - added flowcharts for resources, included the new advanced resources for rocket building, added the Ore -> Material Kits conversion, and added some notes on Transport Credits and refuelling reactors.

I'm just doing my own resource flowcharts - they still need quite a bit of work (and I likely need a 'combined' one) but I'm hoping to do ones that are sufficiently good that the wiki can be updated as well to include the new 'advanced' resources. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1G8QKslpC_dN5PNtkkJUgEpcKuxmmSYaL/view?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/1tenYvvzflqYIO0H5DqQBKE7up1vvMEWq/view?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-SwLaVginHPzGj27mRVaqzAdfJ0B5jzF/view?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/1yAsxd3cMeSvJTUsQG3wjwX6ANRGyLcMU/view?usp=sharing --- I've also got a bit further with WOLF stuff - it looks like the power module I was trying to use was set to its "High" setting which means it required crew (and all the many many complications that leads to). Setting it to it's "Low" setting means that I don't have to crew it and thus I can set up a basic WOLF mining base without too much trouble - it'll still be 90+ tons payload to match the 'physical' thing I have there that's 40 tons, but that's ok, I'm prepared to put in the extra effort to reduce part count on the final base. --- That KSP Part Volumes mod looks awesome - and kind of required if you want to replace KIS with the stock EVA construction. It looked from your videos Tacombel that you only ever small or inflatable parts on EVA construction - whereas I tend to forget stuff (e.g. forgetting to add a substrate Kontainer) that can't currently be moved. The weight-assist of the pioneer (and other konstruction pieces) is great, but the size was the big blocker to using EVA Construction. I'll try that mod out and see if it fixes the issue. Part of the joy of MKS is that because of the complexity, you do forget stuff but there can be a solution as well - I think KSP is at it's finest when something goes *slightly* wrong and then working out a way to fix it without having to wait for another transfer window.

Thanks Tacombel, I've been trying to answer my own questions - * Using Stock EVA Construction instead? - It's possible, but you can't move any parts above a certain size (essentially, the part needs a ModuleCargoPart module entry on it in the save file). Apart from the inflatables and small parts, hardly anything in MKS has this module tag - so you can't move a small Kontainer, a Duna module or small processor. Given that these are things that I tend to forget, I personally will likely stick with KIS going forwards, though if anyone whips up a module manager patch to apply ModuleCargoPart module to larger parts within MKS, I'd be very interested. * Weldable construction ports - The standard docking ports now have the weld option (yay!) * Wolf This looks... enormous. I thought initially that I could use it to maybe do something like mine all the raw materials without needing any physical infrastructure except a hopper the results out (yay, less lag). But whew, just to do this you need an awful lot of modules - you need extractors to get the raw materials, but to power the extractors you need a power module, but this needs crew (and other bits) which means I need life support, food generation and maintenance, so I need agriculture modules, a maintenance module and likely some other bits. After putting together a 50+ ton monstrosity that wasn't anywhere near finished (and also, had nothing apart from wolf modules), I abandoned it, because what I was attempting to replace could mine 8 resources, and was 43 tons including de-orbit engines and fuel.

Heya - I'm planning to update the MKS tutorial I put together a while back - Basically, I want to include some sections about the new advanced resources (alloys, electronics, etc), rocket building, WOLF stuff, and some fleshing out of what's already there and corrections where required (e.g. ground tether now works perfectly for me) Some questions before that though! * The legomatic ( KF-250 Fabricator) - converts Ore into Material Kits directly - is this a permanent thing or just happened to be in the pack when I downloaded it - it seems a bit of a cheaty shortcut to getting Material Kits, that's all! Any other parts that provide the ore -> material kits functionality ? * Do rovers still work for the purposes of extending local logistics? Basically, instead of having a pioneer or logistics centre, which extends local logistics out to 2km rather than 150 metres, you could have one of RoverDude's rovers at the base instead of the Pioneer/Logistics centre. However, I only ever did this a couple of times and it was a few versions ago (having since used a logistics centre instead) - do they still work? Do they need to be permanently manned to function? Do they need wheels to work (I'm sure I tried just sticking a malemute cab on a non-wheeled base and it didn't work). * Wolf parts - I think I understand them (basically, they're just a 'virtualized base' with the outputs going to hoppers on a 'real' base, along with some additional faffing around transport routes, which should ultimately help hugely with regards to part count and general lag). Have their models been updated recently - when I compare the ones in my install to the ones in the Wiki guide, mine are all boxes, whereas the ones in the wiki all look like Tundra modules. If so, I'll update MKS again before taking any screenshots to add to the guide. * Any tips on playing without KIS - i.e. using the stock EVA construction mode. I realise that e.g. Pioneer can help in terms of contributing to mass limits, but I'm more concerned on size limits - I can't seem to move anything beyond a certain size (and the parts that I do want to move are all above that size). I've reinstalled KIS on my local install, but if there's a way to move/attach larger parts without it, I'd love to know how. * Have the weldable docking ports (used to require KAS) been deprecated? Any replacement if they have? * What are the mass / size limits for the orbital constructors? PS. Love the new domes, they look gorgeous.

Honestly? It looks good in flight - but you absolutely need better (or lower) landing gear on that plane. Also, because the landing gear is so far forward (likely because you're trying to make for an easier take-off) you're getting tail-strike all the time, particularly on take-off, but also on landing. Short answer: Bigger landing gear (LY-10 small landing gear), and move it further back - this will make it harder to lift off, but you'd be much less likely to get tail-strike when doing so, and similarly, less likely to get tail-strike on landing.

If you have the top heat shields at an angle, this is normally not a problem - I eject at around 25k altitude and around 400ms - still slowing down, but it's not time to open the parachutes yet. For the bottom one - you may find it's fine for you! I don't have a lot of weight attached to the heatshield so found my craft kept running into it (even <= 7ms) - some separatrons sorted this out though you're right that they're not very powerful at Eve sea level.

The problem is that it flips round? What if you could add something that's really draggy at the top and self correcting? Something like this -- Yes, I know this is a plane in this pic, but it works perfectly well (actually better) with a symmetrical lander. As the craft is pushed to one side or the other, the angled upper heat shields effectively deflect it back, ensuring no flipping and putting your lander in danger of being deep fried. NB - I eject the top heat shields when travelling at around 400ms - they've got sepratrons but it's not particularly necessary for the upper ones. The bottom heat shield gets ejected only after the parachutes have fully opened and these do need to have sepratrons to stop your craft crashing into it.

Introduction Roverdude's Modular Kolonization Systems (MKS) suite of mods ( https://umbraspaceindustries.github.io/UmbraSpaceIndustries/ ) allow colonisation of other planets and moons. They can be supplemented with Planetary Base Systems ( https://www.curseforge.com/kerbal/ksp-mods/kerbal-planetary-base-systems ) and Extra Planetary Launchpads (EPL) ( https://forum.kerbalspaceprogram.com/index.php?/topic/54284-18-110-extraplanetary-launchpads-v681/ ) which I assume you have installed for the purposes of this tutorial (or at the least the purposes of screenshots here). MKS means that you're no longer just doing exploration missions - you're going to stay at least for a while, and you have to worry about life support. If you then make the mission larger, you can start building a self-sufficient colony that can produce its own rockets. Other mods that can be of significant help whilst playing with MKS are Kerbal Inventory System, Kerbal Attachment System, MechJeb and Kerbal Alarm Clock (some of the Near-Future stuff can also help, mainly providing variety in terms of engines and suchlike). MKS adds a significant level of challenge and complexity to KSP, and isn't recommended for the starting player - if you're comfortable being able to send 40 ton payloads to other planets though, this may be ideal for you, as this opens up a whole new game. In this tutorial I will not cover which precise parts to use - just the general different part types and strategies that you might need, and some sample craft and screenshots. If you need precise details on efficiency you can always use the wiki here - https://github.com/UmbraSpaceIndustries/MKS/wiki I'm using screenshots from my own saves here - but would love to get some other screenshots (or craft files) of your bases to include in the guide - because of my particular play style I'm particularly lacking in level 1 landed bases (just agroponics), level 3 landed bases (up to material kits but no further), bases permanently connected with tubes, and disconnected bases with lots and lots of different landed pieces (I tend to max out at 4). I'm also missing screenshots for particularly challenging destinations for bases such as Eve or Tylo. Life Support MKS life support adds two things you need to worry about: Crews need plenty of room. This means additional crew cabins and special habitat modules to stop your Kerbals going stir-crazy. Essentially, if you give your kerbals too little room to move around in and no creature comforts, they will go on strike after a period of time and refuse to work (become Tourists). Crews need supplies to keep them alive. Again, by default, they will convert into Tourists when they run out of supplies. If a crew member becomes a Tourist due to lack of supplies or being stir-crazy, returning them to Kerbin, or placing them in a medical bay with some colony supplies on board will make them revert to their actual profession. It is possible to change the default behaviour of what happens when they run out of supplies/habitation, but I would advise against it because of the potential for bugs that might just kill them. At any point whilst in flight you can see the state of all vessels by clicking on the green life support button. The numbers it gives are from when the craft was last visited - just because it is showing that electricity has run out, that doesn't necessarily mean that it has - if you have solar panels / reactors / etc on those vessels then they are almost certainly fine - similarly with fertiliser / agroponics setup, the supplies remaining is not necessarily accurate. Habitation MKS is designed so that you can do almost everything Mun-related without having to worry about the above - crews can starve for a week, and cope with cramped conditions for a week. This also applies to transferring of crews - so if a Kerbal has spent the journey in a nice roomy spacecraft, they can climb into a cramped capsule for a week or so before going on strike. Improving the length of time that a Kerbal can spend in a craft is relatively straightforward. Increase the number of crew cabins Add special habitat parts - of the standard parts, the Hitch-hiker pod and the Cupola both provide habitat bonuses. Each habitat module requires you to "Start Habitat" on those parts to give the benefit, and this uses a small amount of electricity. There are also numerous special habitat parts supplied with the mod, and if you need more Planetary Base Systems has more options. In addition, there are also "inflatable" parts, which also have the same effect - but these can be transported uninflated (i.e. not heavy) and inflated using Material Kits when they reach their destination (when they become significantly heavier). Some of the habitat parts add additional days to the habitability of the craft, others add a multiplier, so a combination of these two is best. Within the VAB (or SPH), clicking on the green toolbar icon will tell you how long the crew can survive in a particular vessel based on the parts that you've added and the crew that you've assigned. Be slightly cautious of the numbers it gives you if you are planning on having different numbers of crew aboard - if you have recycling capabilities and calculations based on four crew members, and then add a fifth one for some reason, the habitation ratings can take a nosedive. Supplies Supplies can be added in the VAB or SPH - the containers in the Life Support tab contain plenty of parts that allow you to add supplies to your vessel. Improving the length of time your supplies last is more complex than habitation. Within the VAB (or SPH), clicking on the green toolbar icon will tell you how long the crew can survive in a particular vessel based on the parts that you've added and the crew that you've assigned. Be slightly cautious of the numbers it gives you if you are planning on having different numbers of crew aboard - if you have recycling capabilities and calculations based on four crew members, and then add a fifth one for some reason, the reality may be markedly different. The easiest way to extend the duration of your supplies is to add Life Support systems. These either come as parts themselves, or are built into the crewed parts (e.g. Science Lab, Salamander Pod). These recycle a percentage of your used supplies, meaning that supplies last longer. All life support parts can support only a limited number of crew - adding a life support system for a single Kerbal, and then cramming a crew of seven in is going to mean your life support will basically be redundant. Water purification also counts as life support. All life support uses electricity. The next way to extend the duration of your supplies is to use Agroponics (farming). This means taking Mulch and Fertiliser to create more supplies. Mulch is produced by your Kerbals when they consume supplies in a 1:1 ratio, and Agroponics will take Mulch and Fertiliser in a 10:1 ratio and convert it back into Supplies. This chain can use a small amount of machinery depending on the parts used - more on machinery later. If you're sending crew to another planet, it's very worthwhile to use the Agroponics route for both the transit vessel and the final base, as the weight of fertiliser that you take is equivalent to 10 times the amount of supplies. For multi-year long trips, add an empty mulch container and pack some spare machinery if using a greenhouse that requires it. The final way is to generate supplies directly, normally in combination with the methods above, as raw supplies generation is very slow. Essentially, Substrate or Dirt, plus Water will give you supplies, when using an Agriculture module and the Cultivate method on it. This chain also involves using a small amount of machinery. It is possible to produce more fertiliser - this normally takes place when landed using an Agricultural Support Module or material processing unit, converting either Gypsum or Minerals into Fertiliser. Again, this requires a small amount of machinery. First steps with MKS Initially, play the early game as you would normally, except that trips to Minmus will need more crew cabins and a small amount of supplies - around 200 supplies per Kerbal to leave a good margin for errors. Beyond this, the first major goal should be to establish a colony on either the Mun or Minmus and play with the setup there. If you're playing in Career mode, I would recommended that you set rewards from contracts to be higher than normal - as testing and establishing colonies is generally expensive. Take plenty of supplies (2000+) for your first colony. You need to learn the following: Base building. Often this is being able to land vessels on wheels next to each other, and then move them together on the surface (items from the Konstruction tab can be useful, particularly the weldable docking ports). Accurate landings are essential - MechJeb recommended. Also practice using KIS/KAS or EVA Construction to move parts around. An engineer can use a screwdriver to detach and potentially pick up a part that weighs up to 1 ton. However, having multiple kerbals around allows team lifts to take place. Having a rover around that you can attach parts to is helpful at this point because you can engage in a team lift to attach the part to the rover, drive the rover to where it needs to be, and then engage in another team lift to attach the part to the base. Inflatables are easier to move around generally, they can be carried on the back of a kerbal allowing for relocation where necessary. Practice disassembling parts into Material Kits so that inflatables can be inflated. Logistics. Often the best solution is to not dock vessels together on the surface, instead having several separate ones. You will need a pioneer or logistics module in a disconnected base, and plenty of storage containers. One additional advantage in having separate vessels is that the way that KSP is coded means that each vessel gets simulated on a CPU core - so if you have four cores in your CPU, and four landed vessels, your computer will be far less stressed than if you joined them all together into a single craft where it would run on a single core. Agroponics - using a Scientist to convert Mulch + Fertiliser into supplies, using any of the agroponics modules. Supplies generation - using a scientist to convert Substrate + Water into supplies. Machinery - most refinement processes use machinery at a very slow rate - and some is essential in order for those parts to function at all. Once you are comfortable building bases on the Mun and Minmus, and not have anyone starve or go stir-crazy, it's then time to look further afield - either expanding your Mun/Minmus bases to be able to produce Machinery (see below), or go to Duna or other planets. Part Types Kontainers - allows storage of various resources, and can be configured by a Kerbal on EVA to change what resource it holds. There are 3 base types - Solid, Liquid, and Nuclear Fuels. Careful if changing your supplies or fertiliser kontainers as you can quite easily destroy your food supply by mistake. Kerbitat - increases habitation duration, or adds life support / recycling capabilities to make your supplies last longer. Agroponics - Either turns Mulch into Supplies using Fertiliser, or converts Water and either Substrate or Dirt directly into Supplies. Speed is improved with a scientist on board (not necessarily on that particular part, just in the vessel somewhere). Pioneer - Has good habitation ratings and is generally a good starting part for a base as it extends local logistics out to 2km rather than 150 metres. Logistics - allows interaction with planetary resources - to push resources it does not need to be manned, but to pull resources out it requires a Pilot. Refinery - converts a resource into another resource (e.g. Metallic Ore -> Metals) - typically either a 'Material Processing Unit' or a 'Tundra Refinery', though others fall into this category (Sifter, Tundra Nuclear Plant, etc.). Speed is improved with an engineer on board. Workshop - converts refined resources into another resource (e.g. Metals, Polymers and Chemicals -> Material Kits) - either the 'Inflatable Workshop' or the 'Tundra Assembly Plant' Speed is improved with an engineer on board. Drill - specialised drill to get raw resources. The medium ones can drill for 3 different resources at once. Don't forget to cool them. Reactor - Nuclear reactors are usually the best option to power bases, as they are potentially very power hungry. In addition to the reactors found in the electricity tab, there are a few crewed reactor parts. Don't forget to cool them or they will overheat and melt-down. Medical Bay - given Colony Supplies, lets you to revive kerbals that have become tourists due to lack of habitation / supplies. 3D Printer - Just the KF-250 Fabricator for now, allows production of single simple parts and processing of Ore into material kits. Orbital Constructors - allows creation of new craft in orbit. WOLF parts - allow you to build 'virtual' bases rather than needing physical infrastructure. Kolonist Types and Kolonization Rewards In addition to the stock Pilot, Scientist and Engineer roles, MKS adds some additional Kolonist types which are cheaper to recruit than the stock group, and serve various specialised functions for bases. There is an option when creating a new Career save to allow for rescuing of the new Kolonist types or to turn it off. See the wiki for full details here - https://github.com/UmbraSpaceIndustries/MKS/wiki/Crew-Skills-Impact-on-Parts Except in cases of advanced WOLF bases, the new roles are not needed because the existing stock roles will fulfill the same duties as the more specialised types (e.g. Engineer can fill in for a Technician or Miner; Scientist can fill in for a Farmer or Biologist). These improve efficiency of various processes. Kolonist - boosts kolonization stats Miner - drills Technician - resource converters Mechanic - Biologist - cultivation, agroponics Geologist - sifters Farmer - advanced cultivation (e.g. agriculture) Medic - medical bays Quartermaster - logistics Scout - longer hab timer Unless you are planning to use WOLF bases extensively, these new roles can be ignored, as though Pilot/Scientist/Engineer are more expensive to recruit, they fulfil multiple roles instead of the specialised ones listed above. Once a crew has been established at a base on a planet or moon, the "habitability" of that body goes up - this has two effects, the first being generation of some collectable science points, and the second is to increase the efficiency of the base in all measures over time (converter efficiency, hab timer length, etc). Don't forget Given the complexity of the mod, with all of the resources, the refinement processes and the difficulty of getting large payloads to other moons and planets, you are almost guaranteed to forget things - this is natural, and why you should practice with the Mun and Minmus where problems can be corrected within a week. In addition to all of the standard stuff you need for every spacecraft - aerials, batteries, electricity generation, etc. Planning a big base you should always include on one or more vessels: Supplies. Because they'll starve without these. Storage. There's no point in having a Substrate drill if you have nowhere to store the Substrate. Machinery. Most refinement processes use machinery at a very low rate and will not function without some. There's no point in having a Tundra Assembly Plant there if there's no machinery in it, as it won't be able to produce anything. And yes, machinery is really heavy. KIS/KAS tools. Screwdrivers or wrenches in particular (and mallets and stakes if you're using EPL). Bring loads, they're easy to lose when transferring crew around a vessel or when Kerbals shuttle in and out. Specialised parts. You won't need to bring a lot - perhaps 100 units or so, but often when upgrading MKS your Tundra modules and drills get reconfigured, meaning you'll need some specialised parts to set them correctly again. And it's also very easy to forget to set the tundra modules and drills correctly in the VAB, meaning that you'll need to do it when you get there. Having some specialised parts around will mean that this problem is easily solvable. Not having this small amount of parts means waiting for the next transfer window. Enough power. MKS parts - particularly drills, refineries and other Tundra processing plants are very power hungry. For surface bases, this almost always means taking nuclear reactors. For a fully functioning surface base able to produce everything, you'll need at least one of the 5 ton reactors. For a transit vessel that is just doing agroponics and life support, the smallest reactor should be sufficient, or some large solar panels plus a big battery to cope with planetary occlusion. All nuclear reactors and drills require cooling, so strap some radiators on or near them to counteract this. Plenty of space for material kits after initially landing your base. You will hopefully be disassembling engines and suchlike on landing, and you'll need a place to store the resulting material kits. Choosing a base site and exploration rovers Carefully choosing your base location is extremely important, especially if you want the base to be full featured at some point. It can be very helpful to land an exploration rover in advance and carefully choose your base site before landing the main base. Here are some general requirements, in rough order of importance. Flattish terrain. All bases will move a little tiny bit every second that you're out of time-warp - a very slow slide down the hill. The flatter the terrain, the better. Also to be noted is trying to park it on a slope that is even. That is, don't park it across a bit of slope that's at 5 degrees and another bit that's at 8 degrees - this is an invitation for the Kraken to attack because certain bits of the ship may load below ground. All resources. Whilst it's unusual to find a biome that has everything that you need, it's often possible to find two areas (e.g. Highlands and Midlands) that are next to each other and between them have all the required resources. An initial exploratory rover to pinpoint a landing site here is almost required, and it helps hugely if base vehicles are on wheels for fine tuning. A "remote miner" is extremely helpful in this instance as well - which features kontainers, a drill, electricity generation and not much else to sit in that foreign biome less than 150 metres away whilst the main base pulls resources to itself. Very generally, the most important resources are Substrate, Minerals, MetallicOre and Water. If your base is advanced enough to have machinery generation, then you'll effectively want all raw materials available. If you have a vessel that can mine remotely and then fly back - that's fine, but these should be for the less common or less used resources (exotic minerals, rare metals, uraninite). If you do not have all resources anywhere, in a pinch you can mine dirt and use a sifter to produce all other materials, though the output is very slow. Equatorial. Assuming that you have return ships waiting in orbit to be refuelled or simply to be rendezvoused with, having your base near the equator can simplify this hugely as take offs can be done at any time. A nice view. As examples -- my Ike base is at the south pole with Duna on the horizon ; My Vall base is equatorial with Jool on the horizon ; My Dres base is right by the big canyon; The first step in finding a base site is to perform an orbital survey using the M700 scanner. This allows you to find likely landing spots for your exploration rovers and show where resources might be found. The most important resources are substrate, minerals, metallic ore and water, with water being the rarest (and hydrates will substitute for water if you can refine hydrates to water). The next step is to use an exploration rover to choose a base site using the criteria above - use the surface scanning science experiment to discover the composition of the surface to get precise amounts of each type of resource at that location. There are of course many designs for exploration rovers, and I include three types of various sizes here as examples - and as it's a very light experiment, you can use these rovers for other purposes as well such as science gathering. Landing a rover near the boundary between two or even three biomes allows you to collect data for those biomes with a single rover. So what parts do I need for a base? It depends on how long you want to stay and how self-sufficient you want the base to be. Note that it is perfectly possible to have separate parts as separate vessels landed within 150 metres of each other - so you could have habitation as one vessel, refining as a second one, and rocket production as a third for example. Level 1: Able to sustain Kerbals for many months or years but long-term requires outside input of fertiliser, nuclear fuel and possibly machinery. You will need -- Habitation modules - the hitch-hiker, the cupola, inflatables, Kerbitat, special habitat modules - any part that has a 'start habitat' on it, essentially. Agroponics - any of: non-o-matic (it's not great but will do in a pinch), Duna agriculture module, Inflatable greenhouse, Tundra agriculture module. Supplies, Fertiliser. Storage Kontainers - for mulch, and material kits if you are using the inflatables, and some additional machinery storage can be helpful if using the inflatables. Electricity generation using nuclear reactors The inflatables are excellent and come highly recommended. Note that in all of these base examples the landing engines have been disassembled, converted to material kits and used to inflate the habitation and greenhouse modules. Sometimes I use the liquid storage Kontainers to initially contain fuel for landing, and later convert these to storing other liquids, such as water or chemicals, and sometimes they are just standard fuel tanks that get disassembled upon landing. Level 2: As level 1, but the base can produce its own fertiliser. The base now requires outside inputs of machinery and nuclear fuels. Add a drill for either minerals or gypsum (or both). Add storage for minerals or gypsum (or both), and some additional storage space for fertiliser. Add a way to process minerals/gypsum into fertiliser - there are smallish processors that can be added that do this conversion, or the large Tundra Agricultural Support module that will do this job more efficiently. A couple of examples here, both of which use planetary base systems parts as well - these largely replicate the functionality of RoverDude's parts, but come in a different form-factor. Level 2b: As level 1 or 2 but can also create supplies from raw materials Add or configure a drill for either dirt or substrate, and a drill for water Add storage kontainers for dirt or substrate, and storage for water Add a Duna or Tundra agricultural support module and tweak it to produce supplies. Water is generally fairly uncommon - so an alternative is to mine hydrates (drill+storage) and convert using either a processor or an Agricultural Support Module into water. Level 3: The same as either level 1 or 2, but can produce its own material kits for inflation of inflatables, and with a view to expanding this later. Add drills for Substrate, Minerals and MetallicOre Add storage Kontainers for Substrate, Minerals, MetallicOre, Polymers, Chemicals, Metals and MaterialKits Add 3 processors to convert the Substrate/Minerals/MetallicOre into Polymers,Chemicals and Metals respectively. Alternatively, this can be done using a Tundra Refinery more efficiently instead, though the payload will be significantly greater when including all the required machinery. Add either an inflatable workshop, or a Tundra Assembly Plant to convert Polymers, Chemicals and Metals into MaterialKits. As all of the above is likely to be power hungry, adding further electricity generation in the form of nuclear reactors is likely required. It's also now very dependent on your landing spot so choosing wisely early on is a good idea - ensuring you have access to Substrate, Minerals and MetallicOre at your base site will mean that it can get to this level at some point. Level 4: As level 3, but can produce specialised parts and machinery. Requires outside input of nuclear fuels. Add drills for Silicates, Exotic Minerals, Rare Metals Add storage Kontainers for Silicates, Exotic Minerals, Rare Metals, Silicon, Refined Exotics, Specialised Parts and Machinery Add a Tundra Assembly Plant (if you didn't during Level 3) that can produce both machinery and specialised parts You are very unlikely to have found all of the required resources in a single biome. See sections on logistics and choosing a base site. Level 5: As level 4, but contains additional chains that you might want - if you reach stage 4 the base is pretty much self-sufficient and you should not really need too much more - but here's some further options. ISRU capabilities so fuel can be produced locally (particularly helpful in tandem with rocket building facilities). Uraninite Drill / Uraninite Storage / Nuclear fuel storage / Tundra Nuclear Plant -- allows production of nuclear fuels. Rocket building facilities - if you have Extra Planetary Launchpads installed, you can use this to create rockets off world from material kits and specialised parts. An EL-survey station, Launchpad or Runway are needed, along with an inflatable workshop and usually hammer and stakes. Naturally, this can be very helpful so that you can build additional base parts without requiring them to be shipped out from Kerbin. Organics / Agricultural Support (similar to 2b but without needing extra drills and requiring a 'seed stock' of initial organics) Organics Storage / Tundra Assembly Plant / Colony Supplies Training Academy Colonization Module (allows new Kerbals to be born in-situ in theory but don't think this works just yet). Medical Bay (lets you to revive Kerbals using Colony Supplies that got converted into Tourists because you ran out of supplies / habitation) Advanced manufacture of alloys, electronics, synthetics and prototypes, to be used in Orbital Construction Note: Full featured bases can often are fairly ugly - basically being large refinery and drilling operations. Surface Base Types and Construction Techniques Big bases, docked and welded on the ground can often be very wobbly, or suffer Kraken attacks especially when the drills are running, or later, as the centre of mass shifts and the base becomes heavier. Whilst there are some things you can do to mitigate this, there's no guarantees that the Kraken won't strike! Some advice on mitigating it: Ground tether is extremely useful - when a base part is landed, you can now toggle ground tether, which should stop the vessel from moving, and seems to prevent explosions when loading the base. When you pick a landing spot, make sure it's all the same gradient - gentle slopes are ok, but it must be the same gradient everywhere. The Kraken will attack you if your base is not on level ground. Dock as gently as you possibly can. Docking at a slight angle can cause some parts to stick into the surface, meaning that when focusing on the vessel, some parts will be below the surface. This is generally bad news. Don't try and establish your base on a steep slope. What will happen after a little mining of resources is that the base will be heavier and start to slide. I had an Ike base once that suffered a catastrophic 2km downhill plunge due to starting on a steep slope. Try to keep the main bits off the ground - wheels, landing legs should rest on the surface, nothing else should. That way if some of the base does load below the surface when you shift focus to it, hopefully the only things that will blow up are the landing legs and wheels and nothing important. Kontainers can be small - there is no need to store large amounts of any raw material, so have small kontainers rather than large ones so the final weight of the base can be kept down, and reduce the risk of sliding as it gets heavier. Bases can be put broadly in three types based on how they're constructed and expanded -- Disconnected bases, constructed bases and docked bases. -- A disconnected base has multiple vessels within 150 metres of each other - so for example, having a habitation section, a mining section and a manufacturing section all as separate components landed near each other. This setup in theory is kinder to your computer than having a single base because different vessels run in different cpu cores. In practice, you end up needing extra parts on each vessel to make them work - aerials, batteries, extra storage, etc. so it ends up being just as laggy. Easy to expand - just land another component within 150 metres. -- A constructed base is one where you start with a basic base or structure to which other parts can be manually attached by Kerbals using screwdrivers. This type is relatively easy to expand but base setup generally takes a lot of time and normally requires a flexible construction rover to help. Construction techniques are often helpful in the other two base types, particularly when you forget something or simply need a minor expansion. There are two main methods - either using the KIS mod, or using the stock EVA construction. I will cover both later in the guide. -- A docked base is one where multiple components are landed and then docked together on the surface typically using docking ports (earlier versions used specific Konstruction docking ports) - these have an option to "compress parts" when docked, which effectively destroys the docking ports and makes it a single vessel. In general, quick to set up, but a little hard to expand later if some parts are forgotten, at which point you may have to use construction techniques. Building your vessels so that the docking ports line up correctly can also be somewhat tricky, particularly if the ground you land on is not a constant slope. All three variants are viable strategies and all can generally be expanded in future. You can also try the World Stabiliser mod - which attempts to try and put everything above ground when you load the vessel and not bounce. Transfer Vessels Because of the added constraints of habitation and supplies, vessels that can transfer Kerbals between planets typically need to be a lot more massive than in stock KSP, both in terms of weight and size. With trips to Minmus you can get away with adding some supplies and an extra crew-cabin or two and that is probably sufficient. When transferring to Duna or other planets, a new approach is needed. That new approach means taking fertiliser and using agroponics to regenerate supplies, rather than taking a huge amount of supplies in the first place. Essentially, these are 'level 1' bases as described above, but not landed. You can of course land it if you want when it arrives at its destination - just make sure you have a way to get home afterwards. A transfer vessel/level 1 landed base needs: Fertiliser A place to store mulch (does not need to be large) Supplies An agriculture module set to doing agroponics, which converts the mulch back into supplies with a pinch of fertiliser Special habitation compartments like the Hitch-hiker, Cupola or other parts that have 'Start Habitat' on them. Alternative electricity generation if going beyond Dres and some large batteries to cope with planetary occlusion. Logistics Logistics has changed significantly during the lifetime of MKS and may change again - bear this in mind if trying to play on earlier or later versions. It's also the thing that I've experienced most bugs with! When ships are landed within 150 metres of each other, they can exchange resources without having to be connected both automatically and using the local logistics window. For example, you can have a ship with a Substrate drill and Substrate Kontainer on it, and a second ship with a Refinery to process that Substrate into Polymers (Kontainers for both also needed). The resources will be pulled automatically from one to the other as they are required. In this way, you can add to your base by landing another vessel nearby. In the colonisation tab you can move resources between vessels manually - with the exceptions of machinery and nuclear fuels (see below). Each Kontainer can be set to be either a local warehouse, a planetary warehouse or simply tied to that vessel alone. Power can be transferred from one vessel to another automatically by having a microwave transmitter - in this way, you don't necessarily need power generation on all of the landed portions of the base, though you will need some batteries on all of them. If you want to extend the limit of local logistics up to two kilometres away (for example, if you landed in 'Highlands' but want resources from 'Midlands' a little way away) - either have a pioneer module as part of your main base or having any of RoverDude's rovers in between allows automatic transport of goods between the two (requires a rover cab and for it to be on wheels if it's the rover solution). [TODO: screenshot of simple transfer rover] You can also go beyond physics range by using planetary logistics. If you need, say, Rare Metals and there are none near where your base is, what you can do is create a specialised remote miner that can sit on the other side of the planet. In order to get this to work you need a logistics centre (Duna Logistics, etc) and a Kontainer that is set as 'planetary resources'. This remote miner can work unmanned - essentially the rule is that the logistics centre can 'push' resources to planetary resources without being manned, but requires it to be crewed by a pilot to 'pull' resources from planetary resources - thus, in order to make this work you will need a logistics centre part on your main base (or at least the refinery section) and for it to be manned by a pilot in order to pull resources out of planetary resources to be used. The exceptions - both machinery and nuclear fuels cannot be moved around using local logistics, which is problematic. To move machinery from a Kontainer into a base part, you will need to use an engineer on EVA to 'perform maintenance' on the relevant base part. What this will do is to take machinery from a nearby Kontainer within 150 metres and top up the relevant base part. Having an engineer inside an inflatable workshop will also perform this task automatically after the machinery drops below a certain level. (I've found this to be buggy, where perform maintenance doesn't appear as an option, so it's good to have an alternative docking method as well). The alternative to 'perform maintenance' or to transfer nuclear materials is to physically dock a rover to the main base and then transfer machinery that way (advanced tweakables option needs to be on for this). The rover option also applies to moving nuclear fuels around - there is simply no other way to do this apart from docking two vessels physically together. Naturally, if you've gone to the trouble of designing a rover that already has Kontainers, it's relatively straightforward to convert this into a remote miner as well. Docking vessels on the surface can be tricky, and can invite the Kraken to attack, so before attempting this the recommendation is to quicksave before trying it. There's several ways to dock the vessels temporarily together - the first, most Kraken-y is to use the Klaw, but there are other better ways using KIS/KAS. One method is to use KAS pipes - to use these, you need to use an engineer on EVA to firstly attach a JS-1 joint socket to one of the vessels. Then, on the other vessel, attach an RTS-1 Resource Transfer Station. Then, 'Grab Connector' on the RTS-1, fly over to where the JS-1 joint socket is on the other vessel and 'Attach Connector' to join them together. Once done, you can then transfer resources between the two - see this video for an active demonstration - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1LpVFIxZrDE Refuelling nuclear reactors is particularly challenging, but thankfully only needs to be done every few years. If you have a nuclear fuel plant attached to the same portion of the base as the reactor, you don't have to worry about doing this as it will refill automatically. However, to refuel a nuclear reactor on a base part that doesn't have a nuclear fuel plant, the process is both potentially problematic and complex. Shut down the nuclear reactor that you want to refuel. Naturally, this means that this portion of the base no longer has an electricity supply so you may need to shut down all power-consumers on it - or if you have another nearby reactor on another base piece AND you have a microwave power transmitter you may be ok because power will transfer from one to the other. You will need to wait until the switched-off reactor is cold before proceeding, likely taking several hours to cool. Transfer enriched uranium to that base portion any way that you can. Either by using KIS/EVA Construction to attach a (full) container of enriched uranium to that base portion OR by docking a rover to that base portion (e.g. KAS pipes as in the machinery example above). Use an engineer on board to transfer the nuclear fuel in, and preferably whilst you're there, transfer the nuclear waste out. Start the reactor. Transport credits can be produced using a logistics centre from Material Kits and Fuel. These allow you to automate transport of goods from your base to other base pieces within the same sphere of influence. For example, if you have some material kits at your base that you want transported to a vessel in orbit, and you don't want the hassle of transporting them yourself, you can automate it using transport credits. You will need logistics centres on both the source and destination. To organise an automated transfer, click on the logistics centre, and decide what you where you want to transfer resources to. In the example below, I am transferring specialised parts from the surface base to a ship in orbit around the same body. It should list the cost in transport credits of doing this automated transfer. The transfer takes a few minutes to complete, but once done, if you focus on the destination vessel, you should see that the resources have been transferred. Transport credits cannot be transferred between base pieces, and only the resources on the base piece with the logistics centre can be transferred - so, if you wanted to transfer fertliser from surface to orbit for example, you will need a fertiliser kontainer on the base piece that is doing the transfer. But it's really heavy now Oh yes. Once you add habitation, life support, supplies, fertiliser, kontainers, reactors, mining and refining capabilities, it's going to weigh a lot - and that's without even taking into consideration the fuel and engines you'll need to get the payload to its intended destination. Some suggestions: Split it into several vessels. You absolutely don't need to have your base as a single vessel - you can quite easily ship out a habitation portion, a drilling portion, and a refinement portion - and not even need to dock them on the ground (see the logistics section above), though you can if that makes it easier for you. You can also use KIS/KAS to add parts to the base once landed. Move all of the consumables out of the main structure and put them in a separate vessel - so once you've designed your base, you can take out all the supplies, fertiliser, machinery and landing fuel and put what you need in a separate vessel. Get both into orbit around the intended destination and dock them together before landing. Alternatively, fly the supplies, the machinery and the fertiliser down to the already landed base to get it prepared that way. Use inflatables instead of standard rigid base habitation parts - these inflatables can be transported out uninflated (i.e. not heavy) and inflated once landed using material kits - the majority of which you can get by ripping off the landing engines, fuel tanks and reaction wheels that were required to get the base to its destination but serve no purpose once the base is landed. It can be helpful to design a standard shunt which has the sole purpose of pushing payload from one planetary orbit to another. From a transfer window planner, you will be able to figure out how much payload that shunt can then push to its intended destination - which then gives you a weight limit for each craft that you intend to send - if one vessel weighs too much for the transfer, split it into two or more vessels. In general, Kontainers can be small - there is really no need to store any large quantity of either raw or processed materials, with the exceptions being supplies and material kits (and possibly specialised parts if you are using EPL to build rockets). Resources and their uses Your main goal in terms of self-sufficiency is to be able to produce Supplies and Machinery. Almost all chains ultimately lead to these. There are a total of 27 resources that MKS adds to the game, and a few that you shouldn't have to worry about unless you have the additional relevant mods installed - the resources you don't care about are Alumina, Karbonite, Karborundum, Spodumene, Regolith and Rock. The wiki has an excellent flowchart on resource conversion here - https://github.com/UmbraSpaceIndustries/MKS/wiki/Resources Resource processing can broadly be put into three categories - farming, manufacturing and advanced. The farming resource chain involves all the necessary processing to get from raw materials to supplies and organics. The manufacturing resource chain involves all the necessary processing to get from raw materials to machinery, specialised parts and material kits The advanced resource chain involves all the necessary processing to get from refined materials to resources that are used in rocket building. Here's a flowchart containing every resource Storage Kontainers can generally be kept small as you can store excess in planetary storage, though larger kontainers should be used for Supplies and Material Kits (and Specialised Parts if you are using extra-planetary launchpads). Raw materials can be converted into more advanced materials using a Material Processing Unit or Tundra Refinery (or similar - sifter, agricultural module, etc). More advanced materials can be converted into finished goods using an inflatable workshop or Tundra Assembly Plant. All conversions are massively sped up by having an engineer on board for things like Metals or a scientist on board for things like Agroponics/Supplies generation. Working backwards from top tier consumables, we have: Machinery: Specialised Parts + Material Kits = Machinery. Machinery is used for all refinement processes in the base. Supplies: Fertiliser + Mulch = Supplies. Supplies are used to feed your Kerbals and keep them alive. As they use up the supplies, they produce Mulch in a 1:1 ratio. Water + Dirt = Supplies. (slow) Water + Substrate = Supplies. (slow) Enriched Uranium: Used to power nuclear reactors. Requires special kontainers. Colony Supplies: Material Kits + Specialised Parts + Organics = Colony Supplies. Used to lengthen or reset the habitation timers of Kerbals. Prototypes: Specialised Parts + Robotics + Electronics Specialised Parts: Refined Exotics + Silicon = Specialised Parts Material Kits: Metals + Polymers + Chemicals = Material Kits OR with the legomatic (KF-250 Fabriactor) Material Kits can be produced from Ore. Robotics: Alloys + Material Kits Electronics: Material kits + Synthetics Synthetics: Exotic Minerals + Polymers Alloys: Metals + Rare Metals Fertiliser: from Gypsum or Minerals. Mulch - Produced by Kerbals living in the base from Supplies. Fertiliser + Mulch = Supplies. Organics: Water + Dirt = Organics. You must start with some Organics to produce more. Water + Substrate = Organics. You must start with some Organics to produce more. Metals: from Metallic Ore, converts to Material Kits with Polymers and Chemicals. Polymers: from Substrate, converts to Material Kits with Metals and Chemicals. Chemicals: from Minerals, converts to Material Kits with Metals and Polymers. Refined Exotics: from Rare Metals, Exotic Minerals and Chemicals. Used for Specialised Parts production. Silicon: from silicates, used for production of Specialised Parts. Recyclables: As machinery is used up, recyclables are produced - these can be converted back into Polymers, Metals and Chemicals. Depleted Uranium: Spent fuel, can be reprocessed back into Enriched Uranium. Requires specialised Kontainers. MetallicOre - converts to Metals. Along with other resources, converts to Material Kits and Machinery. Minerals - converts to Chemicals. Along with other resources, converts to Material Kits, Specialised Parts and Machinery. Also used to produce fertiliser. Substrate - converts to Polymers. Along with other resources, converts to Material Kits and Machinery. Also used to produce supplies and organics along with water. Water - converts to Supplies and Organics with dirt or substrate. Dirt - converts to Supplies and Organics with water. Can also be sifted to produce all other materials at low rates. Hydrates - converts to Water (see Water, above). Gypsum - converts to Fertiliser. Exotic Minerals - converts to Refined Exotics given other inputs of Chemicals and Rare Metals - which leads to Specalised Parts production. Rare Metals - converts to Refined Exotics given other inputs of Chemicals and Exotic Minerals - which leads to Specialised Parts production. Uraninite - converts to Enriched Uranium Silicates - converts to Silicon - leads to specialised parts production. Ore - standard resource, you can also use Kontainers to store ore. You can also use 'Resource Lodes' which can be scanned for either orbitally or at the base. This creates a boulder of raw materials that can then be picked up and transported to the base and processed by a sifter to produce other resources. These can be difficult to work with - if you are capable of building a rover that can lift and transport a 25 ton boulder back to the base, go ahead. Material Kits Some of the inflatable modules mentioned above are great in that they are light to transport out, but once inflated using Material Kits they provide habitation and other benefits. There's several ways material kits can be obtained Ship some out 3D print some. The KF-250 Fabricator allows you to manufacture material kits directly from Ore. Use a crew member to "Disassemble" parts whilst on EVA - once done, as long as there is a nearby container with sufficient space, the part will be converted into Material Kits. These Material Kits can then be used to deploy the inflatables. Most of the time, on landing a base, there's no intention that it will ever lift off again. In this case, the engines and the fuel tanks can be scrapped (as well as other pieces - useful for flight - reaction wheels and reaction control systems for example), converting them into material kits for use. This has the added bonus of reducing part count. * Manufacture some. The manufacturing process is complex, but is required for machinery generation, colony supplies and if you have Extraplanetary Launchpads installed as well, building rockets locally. The process requires 3 raw materials mined and processed either by a smelter or a Tundra refinery, preferably with an Engineer on board: Metallic Ore -> Metals Substrate -> Polymers Minerals -> Chemicals Then using an inflatable workshop or Tundra Assembly plant, produce material kits which will take metals, polymers and chemicals and convert them into material kits. Metals + Polymers + Chemicals -> Material Kits Specialised Parts Specialised parts are used for machinery generation, and to reconfigure base parts - for example, converting a drill from drilling substrate to minerals. If you have Extraplanetary Launchpads installed, you will need specialised parts along with material kits to build rockets. The process, again, is complex. You will need to start with four raw materials and convert them using a Tundra refinery: Minerals -> Chemicals Rare Metals + Exotic Minerals + Chemicals -> Refined Exotics Silicates -> Silicon Then using a Tundra Assembly plant with the finished products: Refined Exotics + Silicon -> Specialised Parts Having an engineer on board will speed this process massively. Machinery Finally, we reach machinery generation. Once your base can generate machinery, you're very nearly self-sufficient - if you powered your base with solar arrays or non-nuclear fuels, then your base will sustain itself forever without outside support. Machinery can be generated from Specialised Parts and Material Kits, using a Tundra Assembly module or Inflatable workshop. Material Kits + Specialised Parts -> Machinery Having an engineer on board around will speed this process massively. Other chains If you power your bases with Nuclear reactors, eventually (and it will likely take years) they will run out of fuel. Uraninite -> Enriched Uranium (Tundra Nuclear Processing Plant, Engineer) When machinery is used up, it generates recyclables. These can be turned back into Metals, Chemicals and Polymers using a Tundra Recycling Module. Recyclables -> Metals + Chemicals + Polymers (Tundra Recycling Plant, Engineer) You can also generate Organics. These are plants and suchlike rather than just edible Algae. A small amount of organics is required to start Organics farming, but can be done in either a Duna or Tundra agricultural module, by converting Water, and either Substrate or Dirt. Generally very slow to produce. Water plus either Substrate or Dirt -> Organics (Agricultural Module, Scientist) Once you have Organics, you can produce Colony Supplies via a Tundra Assembly Plant. Colony Supplies can be used to revive Kerbals that become Tourists in a Medical Bay. Organics + Specialised Parts + Material Kits -> Colony Supplies (Tundra Assembly Plant, Engineer) If you want to start building rockets with MKS directly, the following chains are required (all are performed at a workshop or Tundra assembly plant): Metals + Rare Metals -> Alloys Exotic Minerals + Polymers -> Synthetics Material Kits + Synthetics -> Electronics Material Kits + Alloys -> Robotics Robotics + Specialised Parts + Electronics -> Prototypes KIS, KAS and Konstruction Using Kerbal Inventory System you can attach parts to another base - the alternative is to use the stock EVA Construction discussed in the next section . With an engineer, equip either a screwdriver or wrench, and move to the part that you want to move. Hold down 'g' to grab the part, and you can then click on that part to start moving it. At this point you can either drag the part to the Kerbal's inventory (if it's small enough), or click to place it on the ground or hold 'h' and click to attach it to another piece less than 3 metres away. Kerbals are limited to moving one ton at a time, though it is possible to move heavier things by engaging in team lifts. To do this, move several kerbals (one per ton) near to the object and you can then perform the same action - grabbing the part using 'g', moving it and then pressing 'h' to reattach it elsewhere. Moving parts around like this is aided by having a rover that you can attach parts to and move them to where they need to be attached on the base. The Konstruction elements of MKS can help with building construction rovers that can be used to accomplish complex base building tasks. See the sample Konstruction vehicles on the wiki here - https://github.com/UmbraSpaceIndustries/MKS/wiki/Konstruction-Vehicle-Examples . When attaching a part you can also use Q/E/W/S/A/D to rotate the part as required before attaching, R to switch the node that is going to attach on to, and B/N to move up and down. In this way you can place a part with relatively good accuracy, though naturally without the fine controls that you would find in the Vehicle Assembly Building. Some of the inflatable parts can be carried on the back of a Kerbal making them easy to move without a rover - that said, with a kerbal carrying that much weight it is almost certain that the EVA suit will not be powerful enough to get the Kerbal off the ground in even low gravity environments such as Minmus -- ladders can be particularly helpful in this case for attaching heavier parts up higher. [[ TODO: screenshot of kerbal carrying an inflatable ]] Constructing bases like this is very prone to summoning the Kraken so it's important to quicksave before starting to move parts around. Have all of your Kerbals either on the ground or in crew cabins whilst quicksaving, not standing on base parts as it can cause Kerbals to clip into parts on reloading, with fatal consequences. When attaching a base part, it should not clip into anything else nearby or again, there will be explosive consequences. The weldable docking ports mentioned in other sections in this guide can also be extremely helpful in constructing bases without the need for a lot of manual moving of parts by Kerbals. These docking ports are like the standard docking ports and come in the various sizes - except, once docked, there is an option to 'weld' docking ports on the docked vessel. What welding does is destroy the docking ports and create a single rigid docked vessel. In this way, a large base can be constructed by shipping it out in several sections and simply driving the two pieces together on the surface. It is important to get all the docking ports the same way up - so that there's no rotation on welding, though a Kerbal can use the KIS techniques above to detach and reattach the docking port if this is forgotten in the original design. EVA Construction An alternative to using the KIS mod is to use stock EVA construction to build your bases. There are some differences and limitations when using EVA construction instead. Various Konstruction parts and the Pioneer modules have the ability to assist engineers who are moving things using EVA construction. This means that you are not stuck with the very low weight limit that EVA Construction applies by default, but instead several tons when a pioneer or other construction parts are assisting. However, there is a second limit in that only parts below a certain volume can be moved. This is problematic, in that smallish Kontainers, Duna modules and small Material Processors cannot be moved on EVA. I highly recommend using the KSP Part Volumes mod ( https://forum.kerbalspaceprogram.com/index.php?/topic/201354-112x-ksp-part-volumes/ ) which will allow you to move larger modules that you are able to handle using the stock EVA construction. If you are not planning to change your mod list, you can load this mod and its dependencies once, and then remove it - it will leave a config file that ensures that the larger parts are still moveable within your game. Inflatables can be moved using EVA Construction (likely with assist from Pioneer / Konstruction parts), without having to add the KSP Part Volumes mod, as well as smaller parts such as batteries. Another significant difference between KIS and EVA Construction is that in EVA Construction you can only move one part at a time, whereas KIS allows you to move a whole sub-assembly at a time (e.g. moving an ISRU with associated cooling as in the screenshot in the previous section). Extra planetary launchpads With Extra planetary launchpads installed, this allows you to create new vessels at your base - thus, if you were to be offered a contract to place a new satellite in orbit of Bop, and you already have a base on Bop, it's a quick job to create that new vessel there and complete the contract in a day, rather than four years that it would typically take to build and transfer it. Similarly, by having vessel building facilities at your base, you can use this to expand the base itself - so for example, if your base needs a training academy, it's a simple enough process to construct one locally rather than shipping one out. In order to build any rockets, you will need: * An EL-Survey station, a launchpad, or a runway. * A workshop and an engineer to sit in it. * Normally hammer and stakes so that you can locate the newly built vessel a little way away from your main base and not have it spawn inside your base and cause explosions. To do this, send a kerbal out on EVA with a hammer and a stake, and put the stake in the ground where you want to build your new vessel. The stake is consumed during this process, so bring several along with you if you are intending to make multiple vessels. * Manufacturing capabilities of material kits, specialised parts and fuel, along with relatively large storage kontainers for all of these. Once the set up is complete (and yes, you will likely need a pretty full featured base to get to this stage), design the new vessel in the VAB and save it. Then, transfer the engineer into a workshop, and bring up the rocket building interface on the EL-Survey station/Launchpad/Runway. Choose the stake you hammered into the ground, and the vessel that you want to build. It will take some time (typically 0.5-3 days). And thus, you have a brand new vessel that you can use. MKS Orbital Construction MKS provides its own facilities for building rockets as an alternative to extra planetary launchpads. Rockets are constructed in orbit, and require material kits, specialised parts, alloys, electronics, synthetics and prototypes. Depending on the complexity of the intended rocket, not all of these resources are necessarily required. Once the resources are available at the orbital construction ship, opening the konfabricator will allow you to construct a vessel that has already been designed in the Vehicle Assembly Building. It should list all of the required resources and what it will take to build it. In the example screenshot below, I'm constructing a simple satellite. The completed vessel will appear a short distance away from the orbital construction ship ready for use. At this time, there are no size or mass limits to the orbital construction parts, so the smaller 8 ton one will build anything that the 53 ton one can. WOLF One of the problems with MKS is that it leads to large bases with huge part counts and a lot of lag, both whilst the base is loaded and due to the save file being so huge. WOLF virtualises the base building process with the upshot that once a WOLF base is established at its intended destination, it has *no physical parts*. The wiki has an excellent and detailed tutorial on using WOLF bases here - https://github.com/UmbraSpaceIndustries/MKS/wiki/WOLF-—-Industry-without-the-part-count I will not attempt to replicate that level of detail here, but a simple example follows. My base on the moon currently has a mining rig that's grabbing all of the available local resources and pulling them into kontainers, which can then be used by the rest of the base pieces. I want to replace this mining rig with a WOLF base that does the same thing, and then use a hopper to get the resources out into my base instead. This should mean that instead of having a 50 part mining rig, the physical infrastructure that's there will now purely be hoppers to pull the resources out. Initially, I'm just going to concentrate on the most important resources - substrate, metallic ore, minerals and water - I can add facilities for the rest of the resources later. So my WOLF 'base' simply looks like a bunch of containers - there is a WOLF power module (set to its "low" setting so that it doesn't require crew), and four MHU-500 resource harvesters, for a total payload of 25 tons. I have already established a WOLF depot using the WOLF depot part on the Mun, I just need to add these new WOLF elements to it. There is a WOLF planner within the VAB that makes setting up a WOLF base easier - as you can see, I have enough power, and it will produce substrate, metallic ore, minerals and water. On arrival at the moon, I click 'connect to depot' and the vessel will vanish - at this point the WOLF base is now 'virtualized' - the physical parts have disappeared, to be replaced with a virtual base. I can then examine the wolf toolbar, to see what that depot is currently doing/producing for me These resources are now all virtual - in order to get them out and make them 'real' in an actual physical base, I need to use WOLF hoppers, that take the resources out of the virtual WOLF base, and place the results into a real base. In this example, I am simply trying to get rid of the need for having a mining rig on site - instead, I can use the virtualized WOLF base to produce the raw materials, and use WOLF hoppers (physical parts) to connect to the depot and pull out those resources into the real base where they are needed. In this way, I've reduced the need for a mining rig of 50 parts and replaced it with 8 hoppers (one per resource) that give me the results for free. In addition, I don't have to worry about cooling or powering the drills for the mining rig any more - because it's all virtualised within WOLF itself. This was a simple example, but more advanced WOLF bases are possible, though they can get complex very quickly. Certain WOLF modules require crew to operate - and the crew that get added to WOLF bases then disappear into the virtualised environment but still require life support and suchlike, exactly the same as in a real base. Thus there are WOLF modules to add life support, maintenance, farming, refining, transport and all of the other functions that standard bases can do. See the full wiki guide here for details - https://github.com/UmbraSpaceIndustries/MKS/wiki/WOLF-—-Industry-without-the-part-count Instead of having a giant refinery and all the paraphernalia that normally is required for a base, you could virtualize the vast majority of it as a WOLF base, and just have a small simple base with a few hoppers pulling end-products out of the WOLF base, rather than a 1000 part lag-monster that is typical for a full-featured MKS base. At this time, establishing a WOLF base requires significantly more mass and crew to set up than a standard base, but no ongoing maintenance. A sample mission to Ike To clarify some of the above sections, I'm going to show what I planned for a base setup at Ike. The base can produce machinery but nothing more advanced (no nuclear fuels, colony supplies, etc.) - that can all happen in a later transfer window. Some screenshots are actually from different missions but the general principle remains the same in terms of the types of vessel I send. * I need some satellites - these are generally not particularly heavy so I can send multiple ones on the same transfer vessel, and then just split them up when they reach their destination to provide good relay coverage and scanning capabilites across the whole body. The individual satellites generally have enough fuel to perform a 90 degree inclination change but not much more than that. This allows me to conduct an orbital survey using the M700 scanner before attempting to land anything to locate good landing spots. * I need some exploration rovers. Again, these aren't hugely heavy, so I'm taking three strapped to a transfer vessel. This allows three potential scouting missions to find good base sites. They have enough fuel to land pretty much anywhere on Ike, starting from an equatorial orbit. * I need a transfer vessel. These will be used for the journey out to Ike and also for the return journey back to Kerbin. * I need some crew landers - a way to get crew from orbit to the surface and back again, along with a way to refuel some vessels in orbit - landing fuel for the bases, and refuelling a shunt for the return home. They also have the ability to mine resources remotely and fly back to the main base, or take resources such as fertiliser from the main base up to orbit to resupply the transfer vessel. These landers are critical to success, so I take two of them in case something bad happens to one of them! They can also visit Duna and then return to Ike allowing for full exploration of both bodies. The landers have reasonable life support and habitation, and can support remote trips for a few hundred days before returning to the main base as well. The heart and soul of the mission. * I need a base. After extensive testing on the mun, I'm sending it in two parts - the habitat portion and the manufacturing portion, which allows me to create machinery. The manufacturing portion is particularly heavy, so it's sent with minimal machinery and no landing fuel - the crew landers will help refuel this for landing. * I need some larger specialised rovers for remote mining and machinery transfer. I'm sending these two together without landing fuel as the weight is only around 40 tons with both together. The crew landers will be responsible for getting these fuelled up for landing. It should be noted that whilst these are being refuelled, I'm using these vessels to land in lots of different biomes and making notes on where a base might be good to place. And the final result - Improvements to guide [[ Some sections I could probably do with changing the order - base types needs to be nearer base levels ]] [[ Did not cover the various Kolonist types - IMO better to stick to the standard Pilot/Scientist/Engineer ]] [[ Resource Lodes, Orbital T-Credits ]]

I was curious about this myself, so I looked into the code. Firstly, it's horizontal only, any vertical component gets squashed before calculations, but here's the relevant piece for Final Frontier -- public static double ApproximateMachNumber(CelestialBody body, double atmDensity, double altitude, Vector3 velocity) { if (altitude < 0) altitude = 0; // a technical constant for speed of sound appromixation // experimental resolved; feel free to make better suggestions double c1 = (altitude / 16000); double c2 = (altitude / 39000); double c = 1.05 + (altitude / 15000) * (1 + altitude / 10000) + Math.Pow(c1, 4.15) + Math.Pow(c2, 5.58); return velocity.magnitude/(300 * Math.Sqrt(atmDensity))/c; } A quick punching of numbers through this formula suggests somewhere around the 16k altitude mark you have the best bet of getting the record, as speed of sound is lower around this point, whereas it's pretty high at 30k. If you can get a plane up to 16k altitude in level flight, to hit mach 6 you'll need a little over 1900ms^{-1}, which should be do-able but perhaps a bit toasty. At altitude 10.0 ,mach 1 is: 348.8626928292286 At altitude 2500.0 ,mach 1 is: 311.63503674654066 At altitude 5000.0 ,mach 1 is: 313.54556356096964 At altitude 10000.0 ,mach 1 is: 318.82155693104175 At altitude 15000.0 ,mach 1 is: 332.9383851070413 At altitude 16000.0 ,mach 1 is: 324.0240388068514 At altitude 20000.0 ,mach 1 is: 360.43249133697435 At altitude 30000.0 ,mach 1 is: 531.2891953543435

Firstly - I suspect AHHans has the issue when he suggests an inefficient ascent - are you by any chance going mostly straight up and then mostly east to get into orbit? From what I see of your rocket and payload you should easily have enough to (a) orbit and (b) do plenty of stuff whilst you're there. However, the 6 (!) solid rocket boosters are likely to give you such a kick that I imagine your first phase is just mostly pushing you upwards and not sideways for an efficient gravity turn. Secondly - make sure you go and get the science from everywhere. There's "low kerbin orbit" and "high kerbin orbit" - going up to an altitude above 250k will give you a new place to sample a lot of the science experiments. Try launching on a Polar orbit as well - lots of EVA reports add up quickly to a bunch of science points. And finally, when you finish with that polar orbit - land back at one of the poles where it's fairly easy to hit a biome you may not have sampled before. I have no problems with a multi-use vehicle though as others have. I heart multi-use vessels as you can do multiple contracts simultaneously and still get the science, if you're clever about it.

Try https://namingschemes.com/ which contains lists of various things - and pick one for spacestations. You can even use different naming schemes for different types of vessels - e.g. 'Oh it's a type of fruit, that means it's a spacestation", or "It's a Greek God, therefore it's a satellite'. Have fun!

I made some notes ages ago, before KSP 2 was announced -- * Move away from Unity. While it's a perfectly serviceable game engine, it's not worked out brilliantly for KSP over the years - continued minor bugs in the underlying engine (springs! floating points!) have caused multiple issues. Its tendency to lock all assets in memory has also led to problems though I believe that they can sort this out. * Better graphics. It's so rare that I recommend better graphics for a game - I still play nethack after all - as it's often the least important piece, but stock KSP could really do with adding clouds, terrain features, just generally making it prettier - other space games do this, why doesn't KSP? * More things to visit. Most planets and moons are largely featureless bodies with only slightly varied terrain. Give us volcanoes, geysers, cliffs, caves, alien structures, methane rivers, subsurface oceans, winds and tides. Give us magnetospheres, ring systems, Van Allen belts and aurorae. Give us life to analyse on a couple of bodies, give us Iapetus-like mountains and swamps and scablands and moving glaciers. * Revamp the career difficulty settings. Basically, the difficulty levels should be more based around caring about more stuff - e.g. Easy = don't have to care about electricity or antennas; Normal = Have to care about electricity and antennas; Hard = Have to care about life support ; Very Hard = As hard but without reverting flights etc. As it is, mostly the career difficulty settings are just an excuse to add more grinding of contracts. * More varied bodies. Once you've designed something that can work at say, Moho, you can send that same craft to an awful lot of other bodies where it's likely to work equally well (Moho, Gilly, Mun, Minmus, Ike, Dres, Vall, Bop, Pol). Give us a moon like Tekto (Titan in our solar system) or a planet like Tellumo from GPP (Basically a super-sized Kerbin with oxygen). Give us a retrograde moon. I don't think the stock game really requires more bodies to visit - only a small percentage of players will have visited everywhere anyway - but the ones that are there could be more varied. With regards to what we have right now, structuring it around our basic solar system is good, but it's ultimately not varied enough - all destinations should have a unique challenge - yet another minmus-sized or mun-sized airless rock is not enough. Moho, Eve, Gilly, Kerbin, Mun and Minmus - all keep, all are good. Moho is hard to reach, Eve is a great challenge, Gilly similarly for the inclination and difficulty of intercepting and landing on something with so little gravity. Kerbin and its moons are great to learn the game. If I could I'd probably do something like give Moho a magnetosphere and more interesting terrain to land on. Duna and Ike - fine, but needs more to explore. Would be nice to have higher heights on Duna (Olympus Mons + Canyons), with a reasonable atmospheric pressure at the bottom of canyons to allow possibility of flying stuff (keep the CO2 atmosphere though so no jets). Dres - drop it and replace it with a giant Kerbin (higher atmospheric pressure and gravity similar to Eve - Tellumo in GPP). Have rings on this planet, and a retrograde moon a fair way out, similar in size to Minmus. Jool system - keep Laythe and Tylo, Vall needs a revamp/rethink or possibly to be dropped entirely - a Europa analogue is nice to have but it needs more than what's there currently. Either Bop or Pol need to be ditched - a Minmus sized object is nice to have in this system, but we don't need two. Sarnus system - rings obviously, and possibly tilt it like Uranus so the pole faces the sun. Need Titan equivalent, Iapetus equivalent (imagine those equatorial mountains, giant crater and different albedo!), plus a moon that has a tenuous oxygen atmosphere - maybe make it have deep valleys and canyons where jets/planes will work but the majority of the surface you can't. Eeloo - drop it. * Give us a MacGuffin. There's clearly an incomplete one in the game that was planned and then never completed, with vestiges being the various 2001-style monoliths, Duna-SSTV signal, Vallhenge and so on. Work in ScanSat, contracts and the various moons in the game - and make it properly challenging - make me build a submarine for Laythe, make me go to the bottom of Dres's canyon or into Tylo's caverns to get the next clue, and give me something startling and wonderful at the end, like an undersea alien city on Eve. * Better failure diagnosis. For new players, it can be really tough to see what's going wrong, even though it might be obvious to veteran players. Ideally I'd like to see something accompanying the crash report that suggests possible reasons why you crashed and potential fixes - maybe you became aerodynamically unstable? Maybe your rocket was simply not rigid enough? Maybe you had no attitude control? * Terrain modification - allow me to bulldoze an area flat so I can build a base without fear of it sliding downhill or being attacked by the Kraken. Here's what works well * Mods. The extensibility of the game is part of its lasting power. Some mods should migrate to the stock game such as Kerbal Alarm Clock, Chatterer, ScanSat, and FinalFrontier. * The size of the bodies. If the designers had made Kerbin Earth-sized, launch to orbit would take a lot longer. Ultimately it was a fudge to get round Unity's precision - but it's worked out so well for the game - launch to orbit is a 5 minute job, transfer times to other places isn't that long - obviously this should be moddable so that it's possible to go "real-world" solar system, but should not be the default - keep the small sizes, even if the physics is a little dubious (density greater than Uranium for example). * Comedy astronauts. * The serendipitous and crazy craft. Sometimes you're designing a craft for a particular job, and in the process of working out kinks in the design, it morphs into something else. I've build a Mk3 plane that just happened to be an accidental SSTO. I've built a rover, which turned into a hang-glider like plane half way through. I love the feeling of looking at a design, having followed the basic design principles and going 'Naaaah, that can't possibly work' and then, it does. Things I don't personally care about -- multiplayer - I genuinely don't see how you have timewarp and multiplayer together without Achron levels of complexity.

The flying runway was a personal favourite. Though it wasn't impractical, it did have a purpose!

Yeah, but you can't easily transfer the science experiments upwards to the bits that go into orbit. You can in theory stick a science experiment collector on top, jump out, collect the science, stick it in the capsule ready for lift-off. But it all feels a bit cheaty that way - I've just stuck to daft ejectable ladder contraptions and it's worked though it's not exactly "clean".

I tend to use either MechJeb or Kerbal Engineer to do the readouts for Eve - the critical numbers you look for are 'SLT' or 'Surface Level Thrust', as that must be higher than 1 for all portions of the ascent, and you'll need about 8k delta-v to be safe. I do have a 3-seater, but it has non stock parts (the non-stock parts make it heavier or fiddlier though - I have life support, mechjeb, and I have alternative landing legs) All other parts are stock, and there's no cheaty hiding a command seat in a service bay type thing, so I think it should load and discard the life support parts and landing legs - grab RoverDude's mods if you want it to load fully) - I'll link to a couple of versions - Eve 3-3-4 (Eve 3-seater, 4th version) (needs a tweak to ensure the kerbals can get out as I found on my last mission). Eve 3-3-3 (Eve 3-seater, 3rd version) (worked well, 3 times). I did build a 20 seater once with a few more modded parts as well. Eve is the hors-categorie of Kerbal Space Program. It is not easy, and nor is it meant to be. I think stock could do with a couple of tweaks with regards to Eve - sturdier landing legs in particular, but possibly some stuff to stop the need for Rube Goldberg devices to get a ladder to the ground. If you want to build your own 3-seater, concentrate on reducing the mass of what you get back into orbit of Eve - you want the lowest weight possible where still being aerodynamic - even taking monoprop out of a command pod is worthwhile. The second thing to consider about an Eve lander is it *must* be extremely aerodynamic and slippery - this is the critical factor in ascending from Eve - you can pack 12k delta v into an Eve ascender, but if it isn't slippery as a fish, you will not go to space today.