FINAL TEST & CONCLUSION:
Installed another blank KSP. This time in version 1.3.0 and Extrasolar as well as it's dependencies. Everything installed with CKAN this time. RESULTS:
CONCLUSION: Like i said earlier, the Problem is somehwere under the hood of Extrasolar or it's Dependencies. As for now and in my eyes as well as for some german friends the picture is clear:
Extrasolar v1.4 is not compatible with Kerbal Space Program 1.3.1 as for now. It's because of the fact that Extrasolar has a Problem, or one of its dependencies that causes this graphic bug.
This test should prove that as long as dependency mods do not support KSP 1.3.1, then the Mod that uses this dependency can not too. And i think this is the case here if, as you said
Extrasolar v1.4 is using scatterer to display this rings with the help of some scatterer effects. Somehow Extrasolar does not use Scatterer in KSP 1.3.0 at all and in KSP 1.3.0 LOMINA has no bugs.
Another thing i want to mention is the fact that scatterer in its latest version does not support KSP 1.3.1 - instead it only supports KSP 1.3.0. But somehow Galileo88 managed to get its Rings
in VE, GPP and OPM to work and as far as i understand it, its Kopernicus that manages the rings on planets and not scatterer. For sure this seems to be an hard case and i hope i was able to
provide you with some help to figure out where to search for the bad file or code.
best regards,
MKev