A practical demonstration would be playground swings. throwing your legs to get a push works best when you're nearest the ground moving fastest, you can do whatever you want at the top of your arc and it won't change the swing much at all
Delta v is change in velocity. Hence why maneuver nodes show how much dv you need to accelerate to your new orbit. Ship information refers to delta v as how much change in velocity of the dry ship mass you can get by burning all the fuel. Since change in velocity is the part you care about fuel range is measured in delta v in the same sense as a car's range is measured in miles per tank or such
yeah kethane is a complex hydrocarbon. Or I suppose propelokerbon is the correct term. And it would need to be a rather complex compound to warrant extra-planetary mining operations. I'm gonna guess that Metaxium is iron.
First, short range signal array to cover kerbin. Then long range array to cover interplanetary missions. Then a spacestation. Nothing unmanned happens without remotetech relays.