How to build working propellers?

[Lego_Prodigy]

Ive seen a few people with working propeller planes, and even what was virtually a copy of grevious's wheel bike. How do you do that? I would love to know as I'm planning my first SSTO missions and I can't get enough fuel off the ground with my MK2 parts that are nice and aerodynamic. Maybe these propellers will help? no craft files please, as I've already found two outdated ones. Just show me cutaway images please.

[Gargamel]

Pure stock, there's been a couple recent threads, and I know there's some tutorials in that subforum.  Have a peek there.

But if you're up for a mod, Firespitter has a bunch of propellers for your use. 

[Zeiss Ikon]

If you want to invent them yourself, you'll need to know that they almost always involve using clusters of "place anywhere RCS" balls as bearings, and (for electric power) use reaction wheels for drive (the turboprops use two or more jet engines blowing on structures attached to the shaft to power the propeller).  How the power gets from the main craft to the reaction wheel, I don't know, because they're built with a docking port or decoupler holding everything, and you have to decouple to allow the motor/shaft to rotate (this will disconnect any crossfeed that provides power from the main craft; it'll also render the engine a separate "craft" and you'll need to use [ or ] to switch from the airplane to the engine to change power settings).  The propeller itself is just some lifting or control surfaces, symmetrically arranged around the shaft and angled to provide thrust -- if they're control surfaces, like elevons, you may be able to switch craft to the propeller and use trim (Alt key, or right shift on Linux, plus S or W, E or Q, depending whether the decoupled "craft" that is the motor and propeller sees them as roll or pitch control) to change blade pitch in flight (you'd switch craft to the "engine" and use roll trim for throttle with an electric propeller).

[Lego_Prodigy]

Can I have a bare bones side view image? that would help a LOT.

[Zeiss Ikon]

I don't have anything like that on file, because I've never built a propeller, but there is at least one tutorial video on YouTube on how to build a stock propeller (based on reaction wheels).  If you find multiples, view the newest one; KSP has changed significantly over time, and while things that worked in 1.2 probably still work, stuff that worked in 1.0 or older versions are likely to fail in spectacular ways at this late date.